योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-150, verse-5

अग्निरुवाच ।
तदाकर्ण्य वचस्तस्य मुनेर्व्याधोऽभवत्तदा ।
प्रत्यक्षः स्वप्नसर्गः किमिति खिन्न इव स्मयात् ॥ ५ ॥

agniruvāca ,
tadākarṇya vacastasya munervyādho'bhavattadā ,
pratyakṣaḥ svapnasargaḥ kimiti khinna iva smayāt 5

5. agniḥ uvāca tadākarṇya vacaḥ tasya muneḥ vyādhaḥ abhavat
tadā pratyakṣaḥ svapnasargaḥ kim iti khinnaḥ iva smayāt

5. agniḥ uvāca tasya muneḥ vacaḥ tadākarṇya vyādhaḥ tadā
pratyakṣaḥ svapnasargaḥ kim iti smayāt khinnaḥ iva abhavat

5. Agni said: Having heard those words of the sage, the hunter then became, as if distressed by astonishment, thinking: 'What is this manifest dream-world?'

Words meanings summery:

• अग्निः (agniḥ) - the deity Agni (fire, the deity Agni)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तदाकर्ण्य (tadākarṇya) - having heard that

• वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech)

• तस्य (tasya) - of the sage (his, of him)

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage

• व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - hunter

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• प्रत्यक्षः (pratyakṣaḥ) - directly perceived (as if real) (manifest, perceptible, directly perceived)

• स्वप्नसर्गः (svapnasargaḥ) - dream-creation, dream-world

• किम् (kim) - what?

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating thought) (thus, so)

• खिन्नः (khinnaḥ) - distressed, troubled, weary

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• स्मयात् (smayāt) - from wonder, from astonishment

Words meanings and morphology

अग्निः (agniḥ) - the deity Agni (fire, the deity Agni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, the god of fire, a sacrificial fire

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

तदाकर्ण्य (tadākarṇya) - having heard that

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Compound of 'tad' (that) and 'ākarṇya' (absolutive of 'ā-' + √karṇ, 'to hear').

Prefix: ā

Root: karṇ

Note: Describes an action completed before the main verb 'abhavat'.

वचः (vacaḥ) - words (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying, utterance

Note: Object of 'tadākarṇya'.

तस्य (tasya) - of the sage (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to the sage (muni).

मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Note: Qualifies 'vacaḥ'.

व्याधः (vyādhaḥ) - hunter

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyādha

vyādha - hunter, fowler, trapper

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (Laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

प्रत्यक्षः (pratyakṣaḥ) - directly perceived (as if real) (manifest, perceptible, directly perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyakṣa

pratyakṣa - visible, manifest, directly perceived, perceptible to the senses

Compound type : Avyayībhāva (prati+akṣa)

• prati – towards, against, in front of
  indeclinable
• akṣa – eye, sense organ
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'svapnasargaḥ', forming part of the hunter's thought.

स्वप्नसर्गः (svapnasargaḥ) - dream-creation, dream-world

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svapnasarga

svapnasarga - creation of a dream, dream-world

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (svapna+sarga)

• svapna – dream, sleep
  noun (masculine)
• sarga – creation, emission, outflow, world
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from the root √sṛj ('to create, emit').
  Root: sṛj

Note: Subject of the interrogative thought 'kim'.

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Part of the direct speech/thought, functioning as 'What is...?'

इति (iti) - thus (indicating thought) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

खिन्नः (khinnaḥ) - distressed, troubled, weary

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khinna

khinna - distressed, grieved, weary, sad

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √khid ('to be depressed, distressed').

Root: khid

Note: Predicate adjective describing the state of the hunter ('vyādhaḥ').

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

स्मयात् (smayāt) - from wonder, from astonishment

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of smaya

smaya - wonder, astonishment, smile, pride

Note: Indicates the cause or origin of the distress.