योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-131, verse-1

दशरथ उवाच ।
क्लिष्टोऽयं यदविद्यार्थं विपश्चिदविपश्चितः ।
तदहं चेष्टितं मन्ये कष्टोऽवस्तुनि किंग्रहः ॥ १ ॥

daśaratha uvāca ,
kliṣṭo'yaṃ yadavidyārthaṃ vipaścidavipaścitaḥ ,
tadahaṃ ceṣṭitaṃ manye kaṣṭo'vastuni kiṃgrahaḥ 1

1. daśaratha uvāca | kliṣṭaḥ ayam
yat avidyārthaṃ vipaścit avipaścitaḥ
| tat ahaṃ ceṣṭitaṃ manye
| kaṣṭaḥ avastuni kiṃgrahaḥ ||

1. Daśaratha uvāca ayam kliṣṭaḥ
yat vipaścit avidyārthaṃ avipaścitaḥ
[bhūti] ahaṃ tat ceṣṭitaṃ
manye avastuni kiṃgrahaḥ kaṣṭaḥ

1. Daśaratha said: It is distressing that a wise person (vipaścit) is afflicted due to the unwise (avipaścitaḥ) for the sake of ignorance (avidyā). I consider that an unfortunate endeavor. How painful is this attachment (graha) to what is unreal (avastu)!

Words meanings summery:

• दशरथ (daśaratha) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

• क्लिष्टः (kliṣṭaḥ) - distressing (distressed, afflicted, difficult, painful)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (situation) (this)

• यत् (yat) - that (that (conjunction), which)

• अविद्यार्थं (avidyārthaṁ) - for the sake of ignorance (avidyā) (for the sake of ignorance)

• विपश्चित् (vipaścit) - a wise person (wise person, intelligent person, sage)

• अविपश्चितः (avipaścitaḥ) - due to the unwise (from the unwise, of the unwise)

• तत् (tat) - that (situation) (that, therefore)

• अहं (ahaṁ) - I

• चेष्टितं (ceṣṭitaṁ) - an endeavor, situation (action, effort, endeavor, activity)

• मन्ये (manye) - I consider (I think, I consider, I believe)

• कष्टः (kaṣṭaḥ) - painful (difficult, painful, miserable, regrettable)

• अवस्तुनि (avastuni) - to what is unreal (avastu) (in a non-existent thing, in unreality, in something without substance)

• किंग्रहः (kiṁgrahaḥ) - this attachment (what kind of grasping, attachment, erroneous apprehension)

Words meanings and morphology

दशरथ (daśaratha) - King Daśaratha (Daśaratha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśaratha

daśaratha - Daśaratha (name of Rama's father)

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active 3rd singular

Irregular perfect form from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

क्लिष्टः (kliṣṭaḥ) - distressing (distressed, afflicted, difficult, painful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kliṣṭa

kliṣṭa - distressed, afflicted, troubled, difficult

Past Passive Participle

from root kliś (to suffer, to trouble)

Root: kliś (class 4)

Note: Refers to ayam (this situation).

अयम् (ayam) - this (situation) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Demonstrative pronoun base.

यत् (yat) - that (that (conjunction), which)

(indeclinable)

अविद्यार्थं (avidyārthaṁ) - for the sake of ignorance (avidyā) (for the sake of ignorance)

(indeclinable)

compound of avidyā (ignorance) and artha (purpose, sake, meaning).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avidyā+artha)

• avidyā – ignorance, nescience, spiritual ignorance (avidyā)
  noun (feminine)
  a (not) + vidyā (knowledge).
  Prefix: a
  Root: vid (class 2)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object, wealth, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Accusative singular neuter used adverbially.

विपश्चित् (vipaścit) - a wise person (wise person, intelligent person, sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipaścit

vipaścit - wise, learned, intelligent, a sage

From vi + paś (to see, perceive).

Prefix: vi

Root: paś (class 1)

Note: Subject of the clause.

अविपश्चितः (avipaścitaḥ) - due to the unwise (from the unwise, of the unwise)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of avipaścit

avipaścit - unwise, ignorant, not discerning

a (not) + vipaścit (wise).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vipaścit)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vipaścit – wise, learned, intelligent
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: paś (class 1)

Note: Ablative of cause, indicating "from" or "due to" the unwise.

तत् (tat) - that (situation) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun base.

Note: Object of manye.

अहं (ahaṁ) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun.

Note: Subject of manye.

चेष्टितं (ceṣṭitaṁ) - an endeavor, situation (action, effort, endeavor, activity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ceṣṭita

ceṣṭita - action, effort, activity, what is done

Past Passive Participle

from root ceṣṭ (to move, to act, to endeavor).

Root: ceṣṭ (class 1)

Note: Object of manye.

मन्ये (manye) - I consider (I think, I consider, I believe)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present middle 1st singular

From root man (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

कष्टः (kaṣṭaḥ) - painful (difficult, painful, miserable, regrettable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaṣṭa

kaṣṭa - difficult, painful, miserable, bad, unfortunate

Past Passive Participle

from root kaṣ (to scratch, to suffer).

Root: kaṣ (class 1)

अवस्तुनि (avastuni) - to what is unreal (avastu) (in a non-existent thing, in unreality, in something without substance)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of avastu

avastu - non-existent thing, unreality, anything without substance

a (not) + vastu (thing, reality, substance).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vastu)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• vastu – thing, object, substance, reality, essence
  noun (neuter)
  From root vas (to dwell).
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Governs kiṃgrahaḥ (attachment to unreality).

किंग्रहः (kiṁgrahaḥ) - this attachment (what kind of grasping, attachment, erroneous apprehension)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kiṃgraha

kiṁgraha - erroneous apprehension, misconception, what kind of grasping

compound of kim (what) and graha (grasping, seizure, apprehension). kiṃ here implies "what a bad/senseless"

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kim+graha)

• kim – what, who, which
  pronoun
• graha – grasping, seizing, understanding, planet, attachment
  noun (masculine)
  From root grah (to seize, grasp).
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Subject of the last sentence.