योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-53, verse-64

किं तद्भावविकाराणां गम्यमस्ति जगत्त्रये ।
क्व ते वापि जगत्किं वा किं मुधा परिमुह्यसि ॥ ६४ ॥

kiṃ tadbhāvavikārāṇāṃ gamyamasti jagattraye ,
kva te vāpi jagatkiṃ vā kiṃ mudhā parimuhyasi 64

64. kim tat bhāvavikārāṇām gamyam asti jagattraye
kva te vā api jagat kim vā kim mudhā parimuhyasi

64. jagattraye tat bhāvavikārāṇām kim gamyam asti te
vā api kva kim vā jagat kim mudhā parimuhyasi

64. What gain or purpose is there for these modifications of existence in the three worlds? Where are those modifications, or what truly is this world? Why do you become bewildered in vain?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - interrogative pronoun 'what' (what, why, whether)

• तत् (tat) - refers to 'modifications of existence'. (that, those)

• भावविकाराणाम् (bhāvavikārāṇām) - of the modifications of existence, of the changes of state

• गम्यम् (gamyam) - to be attained, to be reached, destination

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• जगत्त्रये (jagattraye) - in the three worlds, in the threefold world

• क्व (kva) - interrogative adverb of place. (where, to what place, to what extent)

• ते (te) - "they" referring to 'modifications of existence'. (they, those)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what is moving

• किम् (kim) - interrogative pronoun 'what' (what, why)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• किम् (kim) - interrogative adverb 'why' (why, for what reason)

• मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, foolishly

• परिमुह्यसि (parimuhyasi) - you are bewildered, you are deluded

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - interrogative pronoun 'what' (what, why, whether)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why, whether

Note: Functions as an interrogative pronoun.

तत् (tat) - refers to 'modifications of existence'. (that, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Here acts as a pronominal adjective for `bhāvavikārāṇām`. In compound `tadbhāvavikārāṇām`, 'tat' means 'those'.

भावविकाराणाम् (bhāvavikārāṇām) - of the modifications of existence, of the changes of state

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhāvavikāra

bhāvavikāra - modification of existence, change of state, transformation of being

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhāva+vikāra)

• bhāva – existence, state, condition, feeling, nature
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'bhū' (to be) + 'a' suffix.
  Root: bhū (class 1)
• vikāra – change, modification, transformation, alteration
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from 'vi-' (prefix) + 'kṛ' (root to do) + 'a' (suffix)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to transient changes or evolutions in existence.

गम्यम् (gamyam) - to be attained, to be reached, destination

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gamya

gamya - to be gone to, to be attained, accessible, knowable, destination

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) + 'ya' suffix.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'kim'.

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present indicative, 3rd person singular

From root 'as' (to be), 2nd conjugation, present tense.

Root: as (class 2)

जगत्त्रये (jagattraye) - in the three worlds, in the threefold world

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jagattraya

jagattraya - the three worlds (heaven, earth, and lower regions)

Compound type : dvigu (jagat+traya)

• jagat – world, universe, moving, living beings
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'gam' (to go) + 'at' suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)
• traya – group of three, trio
  noun (neuter)
  From 'tri' (three) + 'aya' suffix.

Note: Refers to the conventional three realms of existence.

क्व (kva) - interrogative adverb of place. (where, to what place, to what extent)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - "they" referring to 'modifications of existence'. (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to `bhāvavikārāṇām`, implying they are not substantial.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Note: Combines with 'vā' for 'or even'.

जगत् (jagat) - world, universe, what is moving

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving, living beings

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) + 'śatṛ' suffix, used as a noun.

Root: gam (class 1)

किम् (kim) - interrogative pronoun 'what' (what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which, why, whether

Note: Functions as an interrogative pronoun.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the previous question to the next one.

किम् (kim) - interrogative adverb 'why' (why, for what reason)

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an interrogative adverb.

मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, foolishly

(indeclinable)

परिमुह्यसि (parimuhyasi) - you are bewildered, you are deluded

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of parimuh

Present indicative, 2nd person singular

From root 'muh' (to be confused) + 'pari' (prefix), 4th conjugation (dya class, 'ya' infix).

Prefix: pari

Root: muh (class 4)