योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-53, verse-4

अनयैव च युक्तोऽस्मि नष्टोऽस्मीति च भारत ।
अभितः सुखदुःखाभ्यामवशः परितप्यसे ॥ ४ ॥

anayaiva ca yukto'smi naṣṭo'smīti ca bhārata ,
abhitaḥ sukhaduḥkhābhyāmavaśaḥ paritapyase 4

4. anayā eva ca yuktaḥ asmi naṣṭaḥ asmi iti ca bhārata
abhitaḥ sukha-duḥkhābhyām avaśaḥ paritapyase

4. bhārata ca anayā eva yuktaḥ asmi ca naṣṭaḥ asmi
iti abhitaḥ sukha-duḥkhābhyām avaśaḥ paritapyase

4. O Bhārata, thinking, 'I am indeed bound by this (state)' and 'I am ruined,' you are helplessly tormented on all sides by joy and sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• अनया (anayā) - by this (situation/mindset) (by this, with this)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• च (ca) - and, also

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - bound (to a condition) (joined, connected, yoked, endowed)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• नष्टः (naṣṭaḥ) - lost, ruined, destroyed

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech or thought)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

• अभितः (abhitaḥ) - all around, on all sides

• सुख-दुःखाभ्याम् (sukha-duḥkhābhyām) - by joys and sorrows

• अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

• परितप्यसे (paritapyase) - you are tormented, afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

अनया (anayā) - by this (situation/mindset) (by this, with this)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - bound (to a condition) (joined, connected, yoked, endowed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, yoked, fit, proper, absorbed (in yoga)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join, connect)

Root: yuj (class 7)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Indicative

1st person singular

Root: as (class 2)

नष्टः (naṣṭaḥ) - lost, ruined, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naṣṭa

naṣṭa - lost, destroyed, ruined, perished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root naś (to be lost, perish)

Root: naś (class 4)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Present Indicative

1st person singular

Root: as (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so, (marks direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, Indian

अभितः (abhitaḥ) - all around, on all sides

(indeclinable)

सुख-दुःखाभ्याम् (sukha-duḥkhābhyām) - by joys and sorrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, dual of sukha-duḥkha

sukha-duḥkha - joy and sorrow, pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sukha+duḥkha)

• sukha – joy, happiness, ease, pleasure
  noun (neuter)
• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)

अवशः (avaśaḥ) - helpless, powerless, dependent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avaśa

avaśa - powerless, helpless, dependent, involuntary

परितप्यसे (paritapyase) - you are tormented, afflicted

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of paritap

Present Indicative

Derived from root tap (to heat, torment) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: tap (class 1)

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