योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-45, verse-22

प्रलपत्येक एवासावटव्यां दुःखकर्शितः ।
वियूथ इव सारङ्गो विगतास्थोऽश्रुलोचनः ॥ २२ ॥

pralapatyeka evāsāvaṭavyāṃ duḥkhakarśitaḥ ,
viyūtha iva sāraṅgo vigatāstho'śrulocanaḥ 22

22. pralapati ekaḥ eva asau aṭavyām duḥkha-karśitaḥ |
viyūthaḥ iva sāramgaḥ vigata-asthaḥ aśru-locanaḥ

22. duḥkha-karśitaḥ ekaḥ eva asau aṭavyām pralapati
viyūthaḥ iva sāramgaḥ vigata-asthaḥ aśru-locanaḥ

22. He alone, emaciated by grief, laments in the wilderness, like a deer separated from its herd, without fortitude, with eyes full of tears.

22. הוא נותר בודד ביער, זועק ומקונן, מיוסר מיגון, כמו צבי שהופרד מעדרו, חסר תקוה ועיניו זולגות דמעות.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रलपति (pralapati) - laments (laments, wails, speaks foolishly, talks idly)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, alone, singular)

• एव (eva) - alone (emphatic particle) (only, alone, indeed, just)

• असौ (asau) - he (that (person/thing), he, she, it)

• अटव्याम् (aṭavyām) - in the wilderness (in the forest, in the wilderness)

• दुःख-कर्शितः (duḥkha-karśitaḥ) - emaciated by grief (emaciated by sorrow, weakened by grief)

• वियूथः (viyūthaḥ) - separated from its herd (separated from the herd, without a herd)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

• सारम्गः (sāramgaḥ) - deer (deer, antelope)

• विगत-अस्थः (vigata-asthaḥ) - without fortitude (without bone/strength/fortitude/hope)

• अश्रु-लोचनः (aśru-locanaḥ) - with eyes full of tears (having tearful eyes, with eyes full of tears)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रलपति (pralapati) - laments (laments, wails, speaks foolishly, talks idly)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pralap

present active 3rd singular

from root lap (to speak) with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: lap (class 1)

एकः (ekaḥ) - alone (one, alone, singular)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

Note: Refers to the subject implied in 'asau'.

एव (eva) - alone (emphatic particle) (only, alone, indeed, just)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'ekaḥ'.

असौ (asau) - he (that (person/thing), he, she, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, he, she, it (often refers to something distant or distinct)

Note: Refers to the main character, subject of the sentence.

अटव्याम् (aṭavyām) - in the wilderness (in the forest, in the wilderness)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of aṭavī

aṭavī - forest, wilderness

Note: Location of lamenting.

दुःख-कर्शितः (duḥkha-karśitaḥ) - emaciated by grief (emaciated by sorrow, weakened by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkha-karśita

duḥkha-karśita - emaciated by sorrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (duḥkha+karśita)

• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, grief
  noun (neuter)
• karśita – emaciated, weakened, tormented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛś (to be lean, to emaciate)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Describes 'asau'.

वियूथः (viyūthaḥ) - separated from its herd (separated from the herd, without a herd)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viyūtha

viyūtha - separated from a herd/group

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+yūtha)

• vi – without, apart, dis-
  indeclinable
• yūtha – herd, flock, multitude
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes 'sāraṅgaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.

सारम्गः (sāramgaḥ) - deer (deer, antelope)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāramga

sāramga - deer, antelope

Note: The object of comparison.

विगत-अस्थः (vigata-asthaḥ) - without fortitude (without bone/strength/fortitude/hope)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vigata-astha

vigata-astha - devoid of bones, strength, fortitude, or hope

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vigata+astha)

• vigata – gone, departed, lost
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root gam (to go) with upasarga vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: gam (class 1)
• astha – bone, existence, strength, firmness, stability, hope
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes 'sāraṅgaḥ' and implicitly 'asau'.

अश्रु-लोचनः (aśru-locanaḥ) - with eyes full of tears (having tearful eyes, with eyes full of tears)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśru-locana

aśru-locana - having tearful eyes

Compound type : bahuvrihi (aśru+locana)

• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)

Note: Describes 'sāraṅgaḥ' and implicitly 'asau'.

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