योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-40, verse-28

श्रीराम उवाच किं चित्तमेतद्भवति किंवा भवति नौ कथम् ।
कथमेव न सद्रूपं नान्यद्भवति वीक्षणात् ॥ २८ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca kiṃ cittametadbhavati kiṃvā bhavati nau katham ,
kathameva na sadrūpaṃ nānyadbhavati vīkṣaṇāt 28

28. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca kim cittam etat bhavati kim vā bhavati nau
katham katham eva na sat-rūpam na anyat bhavati vīkṣaṇāt

28. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca: etat cittam kim
bhavati? vā nau katham (etat) bhavati?
(ca) katham eva vīkṣaṇāt na
sat-rūpam na anyat (iti) bhavati?

28. Śrī Rāma asked: "What is this mind (citta)? Or how does it come into being for us? And how is it that, upon observation, it appears to be neither truly existent (sat) nor entirely non-existent?"

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Lord Rāma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

• चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness

• एतत् (etat) - this

• भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes, happens

• किम् (kim) - used as an alternative question marker 'or' (what?, why?, whether)

• वा (vā) - or

• भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes, happens

• नौ (nau) - for us (dual)

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• कथम् (katham) - how?

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• न (na) - not, no

• सत्-रूपम् (sat-rūpam) - of the nature of existence, real

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another, different

• भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes, happens

• वीक्षणात् (vīkṣaṇāt) - from observation, by perception

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - Lord Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rāma, an incarnation of Viṣṇu

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect

3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

(interrogative pronoun)

चित्तम् (cittam) - mind, consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought

Past Passive Participle

From root cit

Root: cit (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

किम् (kim) - used as an alternative question marker 'or' (what?, why?, whether)

(interrogative pronoun)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

नौ (nau) - for us (dual)

(pronoun)

dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Enclitic form.

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative adverb.

कथम् (katham) - how?

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition for emphasis or new question.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

सत्-रूपम् (sat-rūpam) - of the nature of existence, real

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat-rūpa

sat-rūpa - of the nature of existence/reality, real

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sat+rūpa)

• sat – existent, real, true (present participle of as)
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as
  Root: as (class 2)
• rūpa – form, nature, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Predicate for cittam, negated by 'na'.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - other, another, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

भवति (bhavati) - is, exists, becomes, happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

वीक्षणात् (vīkṣaṇāt) - from observation, by perception

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vīkṣaṇa

vīkṣaṇa - seeing, looking, observation, perception

Derived from root īkṣ with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)