योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-18, verse-42

भुक्त्वा पीत्वा चिरं कालं बालपल्लवपेलवाम् ।
तनुतामेत्य यत्नेन विनाशमनुधावति ॥ ४२ ॥

bhuktvā pītvā ciraṃ kālaṃ bālapallavapelavām ,
tanutāmetya yatnena vināśamanudhāvati 42

42. bhuktvā pītvā ciram kālam bālapallavapelavām
tanutām etya yatnena vināśam anudhāvati

42. After experiencing enjoyment and sustenance for a long time, the body, once delicate like a young sprout, then, through its intrinsic nature (dharma), attains a state of frailty and rushes towards its destruction.

Words meanings summery:

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having enjoyed, having eaten, having consumed

• पीत्वा (pītvā) - having drunk, having absorbed

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• कालम् (kālam) - time, duration

• बालपल्लवपेलवाम् (bālapallavapelavām) - describing the initial state of the body (delicate like a young sprout)

• तनुताम् (tanutām) - frailty, thinness, slenderness

• एत्य (etya) - having attained, having reached, having gone to

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - through its inherent natural processes/working (by effort, with exertion, through inherent working, carefully)

• विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction, ruin

• अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - runs after, follows, rushes towards

Words meanings and morphology

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having enjoyed, having eaten, having consumed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -ktvā

Root: bhuj (class 7)

पीत्वा (pītvā) - having drunk, having absorbed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -ktvā

Root: pā (class 1)

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

कालम् (kālam) - time, duration

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, period

Note: Used adverbially with 'ciram' to mean 'for a long time'.

बालपल्लवपेलवाम् (bālapallavapelavām) - describing the initial state of the body (delicate like a young sprout)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bālapallavapelavā

bālapallavapelavā - delicate like a young sprout

Compound type : upama-tatpurusha (bālapallava+pelava)

• bāla – young, child, new
  adjective (masculine)
• pallava – sprout, tender shoot, leaf
  noun (masculine)
• pelava – delicate, tender, soft
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'tanutām' (frailty).

तनुताम् (tanutām) - frailty, thinness, slenderness

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tanutā

tanutā - thinness, slenderness, frailty, delicacy

Derived from 'tanu' with suffix '-tā'

एत्य (etya) - having attained, having reached, having gone to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -ya (after a prefix, but here used without prefix)

Root: i (class 2)

यत्नेन (yatnena) - through its inherent natural processes/working (by effort, with exertion, through inherent working, carefully)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, diligence, care, striving

विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction, ruin

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, perishing

Derived from prefix vi- and root naś (to perish)

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

अनुधावति (anudhāvati) - runs after, follows, rushes towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anudhāvati

Prefix: anu

Root: dhāv (class 1)