वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-41, verse-37

एतेन हि नृशंसेन मारीचेनाकृतात्मना ।
वने विचरता पूर्वं हिंसिता मुनिपुंगवाः ॥३७॥

37. etena hi nṛśaṃsena mārīcenākṛtātmanā ,
vane vicaratā pūrvaṃ hiṃsitā munipuṃgavāḥ.

37. etena hi nṛśaṃsena mārīcena akṛtātmanā |
vane vicaratā pūrvaṃ hiṃsitāḥ munipuṅgavāḥ

37. hi etena nṛśaṃsena akṛtātmanā mārīcena
vane vicaratā pūrvaṃ munipuṅgavāḥ hiṃsitāḥ

37. For by this cruel, unrefined Maricha, while he was wandering in the forest, the foremost among the sages (munipuṅgavāḥ) were previously harmed.

Words meanings summery:

• एतेन (etena) - by this, by this one

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel, by the wicked

• मारीचेन (mārīcena) - by Maricha

• अकृतात्मना (akṛtātmanā) - by the uncultivated self, by the ill-disposed, by the one whose soul is not refined

• वने (vane) - in the forest, in the woods

• विचरता (vicaratā) - by the wandering one, by him who wanders

• पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

• हिंसिताः (hiṁsitāḥ) - harmed, injured, killed

• मुनिपुङ्गवाः (munipuṅgavāḥ) - foremost among sages, best of ascetics

Words meanings and morphology

एतेन (etena) - by this, by this one

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

नृशंसेन (nṛśaṁsena) - by the cruel, by the wicked

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, inhuman, malevolent

मारीचेन (mārīcena) - by Maricha

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mārīca

mārīca - Maricha (name of a demon in the Ramayana)

अकृतात्मना (akṛtātmanā) - by the uncultivated self, by the ill-disposed, by the one whose soul is not refined

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of akṛtātman

akṛtātman - one whose soul is uncultivated/unrefined, ill-disposed, evil-minded

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (akṛta+ātman)

• akṛta – undone, not done, unmade, uncultivated
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (negated)
  Negated form of kṛta, from root kṛ + kta suffix
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, ego
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

वने (vane) - in the forest, in the woods

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove, thicket

विचरता (vicaratā) - by the wandering one, by him who wanders

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vicarant

vicarant - wandering, moving about, roaming

Present Active Participle

Formed from root car with prefix vi + śatṛ suffix

Prefix: vi

Root: car (class 1)

पूर्वं (pūrvaṁ) - formerly, previously, before

(indeclinable)

हिंसिताः (hiṁsitāḥ) - harmed, injured, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hiṃsita

hiṁsita - harmed, injured, damaged, slain

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root hiṃs + kta suffix

Root: hiṃs (class 1)

मुनिपुङ्गवाः (munipuṅgavāḥ) - foremost among sages, best of ascetics

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - chief of ascetics, foremost of sages

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic, hermit, silent one
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)
• puṅgava – bull; chief, excellent, best among
  noun (masculine)