महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-3, verse-9

दुर्योधन निबोधेदं यत्त्वा वक्ष्यामि कौरव ।
श्रुत्वा कुरु महाराज यदि ते रोचतेऽनघ ॥९॥

9. duryodhana nibodhedaṁ yattvā vakṣyāmi kaurava ,
śrutvā kuru mahārāja yadi te rocate'nagha.

9. duryodhana nibodha idam yat tvā vakṣyāmi kaurava
śrutvā kuru mahārāja yadi te rocate anagha

9. duryodhana kaurava mahārāja anagha nibodha idam
yat tvā vakṣyāmi śrutvā yadi te rocate kuru

9. O Duryodhana, O Kaurava, listen to this which I will tell you. O great king, blameless one, having heard it, act accordingly if it pleases you.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Addressing Duryodhana, the Kaurava prince. (O Duryodhana)

• निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, perceive, listen

• इदम् (idam) - this, this (thing)

• यत् (yat) - which, what

• त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will tell

• कौरव (kaurava) - Addressing Duryodhana as a descendant of Kuru. (O descendant of Kuru)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Duryodhana as a great king. (O great king)

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• रोचते (rocate) - pleases, is agreeable, shines

• अनघ (anagha) - Addressing Duryodhana as blameless. (O sinless one, O blameless one)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Addressing Duryodhana, the Kaurava prince. (O Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name); difficult to fight

Compound 'dur' (difficult) + 'yodhana' (fighting).

निबोध (nibodha) - understand, learn, perceive, listen

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nībudh

Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Formed with upasarga `ni` and root `budh`.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - this, this (thing)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this (neuter demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun, neuter singular accusative.

Note: Object of 'nibodha'.

यत् (yat) - which, what

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun, neuter singular accusative, refers to 'idam'.

Note: Introduces a dependent clause.

त्वा (tvā) - you (accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun, accusative singular, alternative form of `tvām`.

Note: Object of 'vakṣyāmi'.

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will speak, I will tell

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

Future Tense, 1st Person Singular

Formed from root `vac` (undergoes internal changes to `vakṣ` in future tense).

Root: vac (class 2)

कौरव (kaurava) - Addressing Duryodhana as a descendant of Kuru. (O descendant of Kuru)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaurava

kaurava - a descendant of Kuru; belonging to the Kurus

Patronymic from Kuru.

Note: Appositive to 'duryodhana'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `śru` with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'kuru'.

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Formed from root `kṛ`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressing Duryodhana as a great king. (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor, lord of kings

Karmadhāraya compound: `mahān rāja` (great king).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'duryodhana'.

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

Conditional particle.

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yūṣmad

yūṣmad - you

2nd person pronoun, dative singular, enclitic form.

Note: Dative of interest/possession with 'rocate'.

रोचते (rocate) - pleases, is agreeable, shines

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ruc

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular, Middle Voice

From root `ruc`. Often used with dative for 'to please'.

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally, meaning 'it pleases'.

अनघ (anagha) - Addressing Duryodhana as blameless. (O sinless one, O blameless one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of anagha

anagha - sinless, blameless, faultless, pure

Negative compound (na agha).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+agha)

• a – not, un- (negating prefix)
  indeclinable
• agha – sin, fault, evil, misfortune
  noun (neuter)

Note: Appositive to 'duryodhana'.