महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-3, verse-49

एतत्क्षममहं मन्ये तव पार्थैरविग्रहम् ।
न त्वा ब्रवीमि कार्पण्यान्न प्राणपरिरक्षणात् ।
पथ्यं राजन्ब्रवीमि त्वां तत्परासुः स्मरिष्यसि ॥४९॥

49. etatkṣamamahaṁ manye tava pārthairavigraham ,
na tvā bravīmi kārpaṇyānna prāṇaparirakṣaṇāt ,
pathyaṁ rājanbravīmi tvāṁ tatparāsuḥ smariṣyasi.

49. etat kṣamam aham manye tava pārthaiḥ
avigraham na tvā bravīmi kārpaṇyāt
na prāṇa-parirakṣaṇāt pathyam rājan
bravīmi tvām tatparāsuḥ smariṣyasi

49. aham manye etat pārthaiḥ avigraham
tava kṣamam na bravīmi tvā kārpaṇyāt
na prāṇa-parirakṣaṇāt rājan bravīmi
tvām pathyam tatparāsuḥ smariṣyasi

49. I consider this, a state of non-conflict with the Pāṇḍavas, to be suitable for you. I do not speak to you out of weakness or miserliness (kārpaṇya), nor for the sake of preserving my own life. O King, I speak what is beneficial to you; you will remember this when your life-breath (prāṇa) is about to depart.

Words meanings summery:

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to non-conflict) (this, this one)

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - suitable, appropriate (suitable, proper, fit, able, lenient)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• मन्ये (manye) - I believe (I think, I believe)

• तव (tava) - for you (your, for you)

• पार्थैः (pārthaiḥ) - with the Pāṇḍava brothers (with the Pāṇḍavas, by the Pāṇḍavas)

• अविग्रहम् (avigraham) - a state of non-conflict (non-conflict, without hostility, peaceful)

• न (na) - not, no

• त्वा (tvā) - to you (you)

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I am speaking (I speak, I tell)

• कार्पण्यात् (kārpaṇyāt) - out of weakness or miserliness (kārpaṇya) (from weakness, from miserliness, from wretchedness, from cowardice)

• न (na) - not, no

• प्राण-परिरक्षणात् (prāṇa-parirakṣaṇāt) - for the sake of preserving my own life-breath (prāṇa) (from preserving life, out of self-preservation)

• पथ्यम् (pathyam) - what is beneficial (beneficial, wholesome, suitable, healthy)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (referring to Duryodhana or Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

• ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I am speaking (I speak, I tell)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - to you (you)

• तत्परासुः (tatparāsuḥ) - when your life-breath (prāṇa) is about to depart (whose life is ebbing, with life about to depart)

• स्मरिष्यसि (smariṣyasi) - you will remember

Words meanings and morphology

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to non-conflict) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - suitable, appropriate (suitable, proper, fit, able, lenient)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṣama

kṣama - able, capable, fit, suitable, proper, patient

From root kṣam (to be patient, capable)

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: It agrees with 'etat' and 'avigraham'.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

मन्ये (manye) - I believe (I think, I believe)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Present Tense

ātmanepada, 1st person singular

Root: man (class 4)

तव (tava) - for you (your, for you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पार्थैः (pārthaiḥ) - with the Pāṇḍava brothers (with the Pāṇḍavas, by the Pāṇḍavas)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, name for Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

From Pṛthā + -a (patronymic)

Note: The instrumental case indicates association ("with").

अविग्रहम् (avigraham) - a state of non-conflict (non-conflict, without hostility, peaceful)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avigraha

avigraha - without hostility, non-conflict, peaceful

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vigraha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• vigraha – conflict, hostility, war, separation
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-grah (to seize, to separate)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: It functions as the object of 'manye' (I consider this non-conflict).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

त्वा (tvā) - to you (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form.

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I am speaking (I speak, I tell)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present Tense

parasmaipada, 1st person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

कार्पण्यात् (kārpaṇyāt) - out of weakness or miserliness (kārpaṇya) (from weakness, from miserliness, from wretchedness, from cowardice)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kārpaṇya

kārpaṇya - weakness, miserliness, wretchedness, cowardice, pity

From kṛpaṇa (miserable, poor) + ya (taddhita suffix)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

प्राण-परिरक्षणात् (prāṇa-parirakṣaṇāt) - for the sake of preserving my own life-breath (prāṇa) (from preserving life, out of self-preservation)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of prāṇa-parirakṣaṇa

prāṇa-parirakṣaṇa - preservation of life, self-preservation

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (prāṇa+parirakṣaṇa)

• prāṇa – life, breath, vital air, spirit
  noun (masculine)
  From root an (to breathe), with pra (forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: an (class 2)
• parirakṣaṇa – protection, preservation, guarding
  noun (neuter)
  From pari-rakṣ (to protect)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

पथ्यम् (pathyam) - what is beneficial (beneficial, wholesome, suitable, healthy)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - suitable, wholesome, beneficial, healthy

From path (way, path), meaning: related to the path, proper

राजन् (rājan) - O King (referring to Duryodhana or Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

ब्रवीमि (bravīmi) - I am speaking (I speak, I tell)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of brū

Present Tense

parasmaipada, 1st person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

त्वाम् (tvām) - to you (you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

तत्परासुः (tatparāsuḥ) - when your life-breath (prāṇa) is about to depart (whose life is ebbing, with life about to depart)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tatparāsu

tatparāsu - having that as breath, life about to depart, dying

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tad+para+asu)

• tad – that
  pronoun
• para – gone, departed, beyond, supreme
  adjective
• asu – breath, life, life-breath
  noun (masculine)
  From root as (to breathe)
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'you'.

स्मरिष्यसि (smariṣyasi) - you will remember

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of smṛ

Future Tense

parasmaipada, 2nd person singular

Root: smṛ (class 1)