महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-3, verse-10

न युद्धधर्माच्छ्रेयान्वै पन्था राजेन्द्र विद्यते ।
यं समाश्रित्य युध्यन्ते क्षत्रियाः क्षत्रियर्षभ ॥१०॥

10. na yuddhadharmācchreyānvai panthā rājendra vidyate ,
yaṁ samāśritya yudhyante kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyarṣabha.

10. na yuddhadharmāt śreyān vai panthā rājendra vidyate
yam samāśritya yudhyante kṣatriyāḥ kṣatriyarṣabha

10. rājendra kṣatriyarṣabha vai na yuddhadharmāt śreyān
panthā vidyate yam samāśritya kṣatriyāḥ yudhyante

10. O chief of kings, O best of warriors, indeed, there is no path superior to the intrinsic nature (dharma) of battle, by resorting to which kṣatriyas fight.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• युद्धधर्मात् (yuddhadharmāt) - than the constitutional duty (dharma) of battle, from the way of war

• श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better, more excellent, superior

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• पन्था (panthā) - path, way, road

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing Duryodhana as the chief of kings. (O chief of kings, O best of kings)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is known

• यम् (yam) - which, by which (path)

• समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having resorted to, having taken refuge in, having relied upon

• युध्यन्ते (yudhyante) - they fight, they wage war

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriyas, warriors

• क्षत्रियर्षभ (kṣatriyarṣabha) - Addressing Duryodhana as the best of kṣatriyas. (O best of kṣatriyas, O bull among warriors)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the verb 'vidyate'.

युद्धधर्मात् (yuddhadharmāt) - than the constitutional duty (dharma) of battle, from the way of war

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of yuddhadharma

yuddhadharma - the intrinsic nature (dharma) of battle, duty of fighting, laws of warfare

Tatpuruṣa compound: `yuddhasya dharmaḥ` (dharma of battle).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yuddha+dharma)

• yuddha – battle, fight, war
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root `yudh` 'to fight'.
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• dharma – constitutional law, natural law, duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `dhṛ` (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'śreyān' to indicate comparison ('better than').

श्रेयान् (śreyān) - better, more excellent, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreyas

śreyas - better, more excellent, superior, auspicious, good

Comparative form, derived from `śrī` (prosperity, excellence).

Note: Qualifies 'panthā'.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle, often placed after the word it emphasizes.

पन्था (panthā) - path, way, road

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pathin

pathin - path, way, road, course

Irregular noun ending in `in`.

Note: Subject of 'vidyate'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - Addressing Duryodhana as the chief of kings. (O chief of kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, best of kings, lord of kings

Tatpuruṣa compound: `rājnām indraḥ` (Indra among kings).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king, ruler, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best (as suffix)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'duryodhana'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - exists, is found, is known

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense, 3rd Person Singular, Middle Voice

From root `vid`. Often used as 'to exist' in the middle voice.

Root: vid (class 4)

Note: Intransitive verb.

यम् (yam) - which, by which (path)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, whom, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun, masculine singular accusative. Refers to 'panthā'.

Note: Object of 'samāśritya'.

समाश्रित्य (samāśritya) - having resorted to, having taken refuge in, having relied upon

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with upasargas `sam` and `ā` and root `śri` followed by suffix `-tya`.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action preceding 'yudhyante'.

युध्यन्ते (yudhyante) - they fight, they wage war

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of yudh

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Middle Voice

From root `yudh`.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject is 'kṣatriyāḥ'.

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - kṣatriyas, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior or ruling class, warrior, ruler

Related to `kṣatra` (rule, dominion).

Note: Subject of 'yudhyante'.

क्षत्रियर्षभ (kṣatriyarṣabha) - Addressing Duryodhana as the best of kṣatriyas. (O best of kṣatriyas, O bull among warriors)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṣatriyarṣabha

kṣatriyarṣabha - chief of kṣatriyas, best of warriors (literally 'bull among kṣatriyas')

Tatpuruṣa compound: `kṣatriyāṇām ṛṣabhaḥ` (bull of kṣatriyas).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatriya+ṛṣabha)

• kṣatriya – warrior, member of the kṣatriya class
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief, excellent one (as suffix)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'duryodhana'.