महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-3, verse-45

प्रणिपत्य हि राजानं राज्यं यदि लभेमहि ।
श्रेयः स्यान्न तु मौढ्येन राजन्गन्तुं पराभवम् ॥४५॥

45. praṇipatya hi rājānaṁ rājyaṁ yadi labhemahi ,
śreyaḥ syānna tu mauḍhyena rājangantuṁ parābhavam.

45. praṇipatya hi rājānam rājyam yadi labhemahi śreyaḥ
syāt na tu mauḍhyena rājan gantum parābhavam

45. hi rājānam praṇipatya yadi rājyam labhemahi śreyaḥ
syāt tu rājan mauḍhyena parābhavam gantum na (syāt)

45. Indeed, if we were to obtain the kingdom by bowing down to the king, that would be good fortune (śreyas). But, O King, it is not proper to invite defeat through foolishness.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रणिपत्य (praṇipatya) - having bowed down, having prostrated

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• यदि (yadi) - if, whether

• लभेमहि (labhemahi) - we might obtain, we should obtain

• श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good fortune, prosperity

• स्यात् (syāt) - it would be, let it be, may it be

• न (na) - not, no

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• मौढ्येन (mauḍhyena) - by foolishness, by stupidity

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to attain

• पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat, ruin, overthrow

Words meanings and morphology

प्रणिपत्य (praṇipatya) - having bowed down, having prostrated

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Gerund formed from root pat with prefixes pra- and ni-

Prefixes: pra+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

राजानम् (rājānam) - to the king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

Root: rāj

यदि (yadi) - if, whether

(indeclinable)

लभेमहि (labhemahi) - we might obtain, we should obtain

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, optative (liṅ) of labh

Optative Middle

1st class verb (Bhvādi), Optative Middle, 1st person plural

Root: labh (class 1)

श्रेयः (śreyaḥ) - welfare, good fortune, prosperity

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, good fortune, prosperity, ultimate good

Comparative form of śrī 'splendor, wealth'

Root: śrī

स्यात् (syāt) - it would be, let it be, may it be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

2nd class verb (Adādi), Optative Active, 3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

मौढ्येन (mauḍhyena) - by foolishness, by stupidity

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mūḍhya

mūḍhya - foolishness, stupidity, ignorance

Derived from mūḍha (foolish)

Root: muh

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

गन्तुम् (gantum) - to go, to attain

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root gam

Root: gam (class 1)

पराभवम् (parābhavam) - defeat, ruin, overthrow

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parābhava

parābhava - defeat, ruin, overthrow

Formed from prefix parā- and root bhū

Prefix: parā

Root: bhū