महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-1, verse-39

तं द्रोणं निहतं श्रुत्वा धृष्टद्युम्नेन संयुगे ।
सत्यसंधं महेष्वासं भृशं मे व्यथितं मनः ॥३९॥

39. taṁ droṇaṁ nihataṁ śrutvā dhṛṣṭadyumnena saṁyuge ,
satyasaṁdhaṁ maheṣvāsaṁ bhṛśaṁ me vyathitaṁ manaḥ.

39. tam droṇam nihatam śrutvā dhṛṣṭadyumnena saṃyuge
satyasaṃdham maheṣvāsam bhṛśam me vyathitam manaḥ

39. saṃyuge dhṛṣṭadyumnena satyasaṃdham maheṣvāsam tam
droṇam nihatam śrutvā me manaḥ bhṛśam vyathitam

39. Having heard that Droṇa, who was truthful (satyasaṃdha) and a great archer, was slain in battle by Dhṛṣṭadyumna, my mind is greatly distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

• निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

• सत्यसंधम् (satyasaṁdham) - truthful, firm in vows, faithful to promises

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - a great archer, having a great bow

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

• मे (me) - my, to me

• व्यथितम् (vyathitam) - distressed, troubled, agitated

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, spirit, heart

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (name of a teacher of archery)

निहतम् (nihatam) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, struck down

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root han with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root śru with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

धृष्टद्युम्नेन (dhṛṣṭadyumnena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (a character in the Mahābhārata)

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, combat, conflict

सत्यसंधम् (satyasaṁdham) - truthful, firm in vows, faithful to promises

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of satyasaṃdha

satyasaṁdha - truthful, firm in vows, faithful to promises

Compound describing one whose vow (saṃdha) is truth (satya).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+saṃdha)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• saṃdha – promise, vow, compact, agreement
  noun (masculine)

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - a great archer, having a great bow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - a great archer, one having a great bow

Compound describing one who has a great bow.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+iṣvāsa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• iṣvāsa – bow, archer
  noun (masculine)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, very much

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

व्यथितम् (vyathitam) - distressed, troubled, agitated

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, troubled, agitated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root vyath (to be distressed)

Root: vyath (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, spirit, heart

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit