महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-1, verse-16

ततः शत्रुक्षयं कृत्वा सुमहान्तं रणे वृषः ।
पश्यतां धार्तराष्ट्राणां फल्गुनेन निपातितः ॥१६॥

16. tataḥ śatrukṣayaṁ kṛtvā sumahāntaṁ raṇe vṛṣaḥ ,
paśyatāṁ dhārtarāṣṭrāṇāṁ phalgunena nipātitaḥ.

16. tataḥ śatrukṣayam kṛtvā sumahāntam raṇe vṛṣaḥ
paśyatām dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām phalgunena nipātitaḥ

16. Then, having inflicted a very great destruction of enemies in battle, Vṛṣa (Karṇa) was struck down by Arjuna, as the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra watched.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereafter

• शत्रुक्षयम् (śatrukṣayam) - destruction of enemies, slaying of foes

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

• सुमहान्तम् (sumahāntam) - very great, mighty, enormous

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• वृषः (vṛṣaḥ) - Karṇa (as the best among warriors, like a bull) (a bull; best, chief, eminent; Karṇa (as an epithet))

• पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those seeing, while they were seeing, to the onlookers

• धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (by Arjuna)

• निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, felled, killed, brought down

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from that, thereafter

(indeclinable)

Ablative form of 'tad' used as an indeclinable adverb.

शत्रुक्षयम् (śatrukṣayam) - destruction of enemies, slaying of foes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatrukṣaya

śatrukṣaya - destruction of enemies, slaying of foes

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+kṣaya)

• śatru – enemy, foe, rival
  noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay, decrease
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having done, having made, having performed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root kṛ with the suffix -tvā.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुमहान्तम् (sumahāntam) - very great, mighty, enormous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sumahant

sumahant - very great, mighty, huge

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahant)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or excellence.
• mahant – great, large, mighty, considerable
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'śatrukṣayam'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

वृषः (vṛṣaḥ) - Karṇa (as the best among warriors, like a bull) (a bull; best, chief, eminent; Karṇa (as an epithet))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛṣa

vṛṣa - bull, male, chief, best; a name, specifically Karṇa

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

पश्यताम् (paśyatām) - of those seeing, while they were seeing, to the onlookers

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, plural of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing, looking

Present Active Participle

Present stem 'paśya' derived from root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām'.

धार्तराष्ट्राणाम् (dhārtarāṣṭrāṇām) - of the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Patronymic derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

फल्गुनेन (phalgunena) - by Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍavas (by Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of phalguna

phalguna - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

निपातितः (nipātitaḥ) - struck down, felled, killed, brought down

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nipātita

nipātita - struck down, felled, killed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from the root pat with prefix ni and suffix -ta.

Prefix: ni

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vṛṣaḥ'.