महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-86, verse-16

जयद्रथमहं हत्वा ध्रुवमेष्यामि माधव ।
धर्मराजं यथा द्रोणो निगृह्णीयाद्रणे बलात् ॥१६॥

16. jayadrathamahaṁ hatvā dhruvameṣyāmi mādhava ,
dharmarājaṁ yathā droṇo nigṛhṇīyādraṇe balāt.

16. jayadratham aham hatvā dhruvam eṣyāmi mādhava
dharmarājam yathā droṇaḥ nigṛhṇīyāt raṇe balāt

16. mādhava,
jayadratham aham hatvā,
dhruvam eṣyāmi.
yathā droṇaḥ raṇe balāt dharmarājam nigṛhṇīyāt

16. Madhava, after slaying Jayadratha, I shall certainly return, lest Droṇa forcibly seize Dharma-rāja (dharma) in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - king of Sindhu, son-in-law of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Jayadratha)

• अहम् (aham) - referring to Arjuna (I)

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

• ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, permanently

• एष्यामि (eṣyāmi) - I shall return (implied by context: go to kill Jayadratha, then return). (I shall come, I shall go)

• माधव (mādhava) - referring to Krishna (O Madhava, descendant of Madhu)

• धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharma-rāja, king of righteousness, king of natural law (dharma))

• यथा (yathā) - lest (just as, in which way, so that, lest)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Dronacharya, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas (Droṇa)

• निगृह्णीयात् (nigṛhṇīyāt) - may seize, may restrain, may capture

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

• बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcefully, from power

Words meanings and morphology

जयद्रथम् (jayadratham) - king of Sindhu, son-in-law of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Jayadratha)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jayadratha

jayadratha - victorious chariot; a proper name

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+ratha)

• jaya – victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

अहम् (aham) - referring to Arjuna (I)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

ध्रुवम् (dhruvam) - surely, certainly, permanently

(indeclinable)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter of dhruva (firm, constant). Here used adverbially.

एष्यामि (eṣyāmi) - I shall return (implied by context: go to kill Jayadratha, then return). (I shall come, I shall go)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of iṣ

Future tense, 1st person singular, active voice. From root √i.

Root: i (class 2)

माधव (mādhava) - referring to Krishna (O Madhava, descendant of Madhu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - descendant of Madhu, husband of Mādhava (Lakshmi), an epithet of Krishna or Vishnu

धर्मराजम् (dharmarājam) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharma-rāja, king of righteousness, king of natural law (dharma))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of dharma; a title of Yudhiṣṭhira or Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty, religion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - lest (just as, in which way, so that, lest)

(indeclinable)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Dronacharya, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas (Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - a measure, a trough; a proper name (Dronacharya)

निगृह्णीयात् (nigṛhṇīyāt) - may seize, may restrain, may capture

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of gṛh

Optative mood, 3rd person singular, active voice. From root √gṛh with upasarga ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: gṛh (class 9)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, on the battlefield

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

बलात् (balāt) - by force, forcefully, from power

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - force, strength, power

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'by force'.