महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-73, verse-52

ततो युद्धमभूद्राजंस्तव तेषां च धन्विनाम् ।
रजसा संवृते लोके शरजालसमावृते ॥५२॥

52. tato yuddhamabhūdrājaṁstava teṣāṁ ca dhanvinām ,
rajasā saṁvṛte loke śarajālasamāvṛte.

52. tataḥ yuddham abhūt rājan tava teṣām ca
dhanvinām rajasā saṃvṛte loke śarajālasamāvṛte

52. rājan tataḥ tava ca teṣām dhanvinām yuddham
abhūt rajasā saṃvṛte śarajālasamāvṛte loke

52. Then, O King, a battle ensued between your archers and theirs. The entire area became enveloped in dust and covered by a dense network of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, combat

• अभूत् (abhūt) - happened, occurred, became

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• तव (tava) - your

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

• च (ca) - and

• धन्विनाम् (dhanvinām) - of the archers

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, with dust

• संवृते (saṁvṛte) - covered, enveloped, veiled

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the region, in the space

• शरजालसमावृते (śarajālasamāvṛte) - enveloped by a net of arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, combat

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, combat, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

अभूत् (abhūt) - happened, occurred, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you, your

तेषाम् (teṣām) - their, of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the enemy archers.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

धन्विनाम् (dhanvinām) - of the archers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of dhanvin

dhanvin - archer, wielder of a bow

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, with dust

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, mist, atmosphere

Root: rañj

संवृते (saṁvṛte) - covered, enveloped, veiled

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vṛ

vṛ - to cover, to surround, to choose

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefix 'sam-' (completely), meaning 'completely covered'.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'loke'.

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the region, in the space

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, region, space, people

Root: lok (class 1)

शरजालसमावृते (śarajālasamāvṛte) - enveloped by a net of arrows

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarajālasamāvṛta

śarajālasamāvṛta - enveloped by a net of arrows, completely covered by a net of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śarajāla+samāvṛta)

• śarajāla – net of arrows, shower of arrows
  noun (neuter)
• samāvṛta – completely covered, enveloped
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefixes 'sam-' (completely) and 'ā-' (up to, fully).
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'loke'.