महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-73, verse-41

ततोऽन्यद्धनुरादाय द्रोणः क्षत्रियमर्दनः ।
अस्त्रैरस्त्रविदां श्रेष्ठो योधयामास भारत ॥४१॥

41. tato'nyaddhanurādāya droṇaḥ kṣatriyamardanaḥ ,
astrairastravidāṁ śreṣṭho yodhayāmāsa bhārata.

41. tataḥ anyat dhanuḥ ādāya droṇaḥ kṣatriyamardanaḥ
astraiḥ astravidām śreṣṭhaḥ yodhayāmāsa bhārata

41. bhārata tataḥ kṣatriyamardanaḥ astravidām śreṣṭhaḥ
droṇaḥ anyat dhanuḥ ādadāya astraiḥ yodhayāmāsa

41. Then, O Bhārata, Drona, the subduer of warriors (kṣatriyas) and the foremost among weapon-experts, took up another bow and began to fight with his missiles (astras).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - temporal sequence (then, thereupon, from that)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another bow (another, other, different)

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

• क्षत्रियमर्दनः (kṣatriyamardanaḥ) - Drona's characteristic epithet (subduer of kshatriyas, destroyer of warriors)

• अस्त्रैः (astraiḥ) - with weapons, by means of missiles

• अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of those knowing weapons, among weapon-experts

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - Drona (who is the best weapon-expert) (best, foremost, most excellent)

• योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - Drona himself fought (he fought, he caused to fight, he engaged in battle)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O scion of Bharata)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - temporal sequence (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - another bow (another, other, different)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Adjective modifying 'dhanuḥ'

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

Root: dhan (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ādāya'

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

gerund

derived from root dā with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Absolutive form (gerund)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name of a teacher)

Note: Subject of 'yodhayāmāsa'

क्षत्रियमर्दनः (kṣatriyamardanaḥ) - Drona's characteristic epithet (subduer of kshatriyas, destroyer of warriors)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriyamardana

kṣatriyamardana - subduer/destroyer of kshatriyas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatriya+mardana)

• kṣatriya – warrior, member of the kshatriya caste
  noun (masculine)
• mardana – crushing, subduing, destroying
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  agent noun from mṛd
  derived from root mṛd with suffix -ana
  Root: mṛd (class 9)

Note: Epithet for Drona

अस्त्रैः (astraiḥ) - with weapons, by means of missiles

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of astra

astra - weapon, missile

Root: as (class 4)

अस्त्रविदाम् (astravidām) - of those knowing weapons, among weapon-experts

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of astravid

astravid - weapon-expert, knowing weapons

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (astra+vid)

• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knowing, expert
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root vid
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used with 'śreṣṭhaḥ' to mean 'best among'.

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - Drona (who is the best weapon-expert) (best, foremost, most excellent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, foremost, excellent

superlative of praśasta

Note: Epithet for Drona

योधयामास (yodhayāmāsa) - Drona himself fought (he fought, he caused to fight, he engaged in battle)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of yudh

perfect tense of the causal stem (yodhaya)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Causal formation.

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O descendant of Bharata, O scion of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, name of a king

patronymic from Bharata