महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-48, verse-52

तथा तदायोधनमुग्रदर्शनं निशामुखे पितृपतिराष्ट्रसंनिभम् ।
निरीक्षमाणाः शनकैर्जहुर्नराः समुत्थितारुण्डकुलोपसंकुलम् ॥५२॥

52. tathā tadāyodhanamugradarśanaṁ; niśāmukhe pitṛpatirāṣṭrasaṁnibham ,
nirīkṣamāṇāḥ śanakairjahurnarāḥ; samutthitāruṇḍakulopasaṁkulam.

52. tathā tat āyodhanam ugra-darśanam
niśā-mukhe pitṛ-pati-rāṣṭra-sannibham
nirīkṣamāṇāḥ śanakaiḥ jahūḥ narāḥ
sam-utthita-aruṇḍa-kula-upasaṅkulam

52. tathā niśā-mukhe ugra-darśanam pitṛ-pati-rāṣṭra-sannibham sam-utthita-aruṇḍa-kula-upasaṅkulam tat āyodhanam nirīkṣamāṇāḥ narāḥ śanakaiḥ jahūḥ.

52. Thus, at the beginning of night, men slowly abandoned that battlefield, which was dreadful to behold, resembled the realm of the lord of ancestors (pitṛpati), and was crowded with hordes of arisen vultures (aruṇḍa), as they gazed upon it.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• तत् (tat) - that, this

• आयोधनम् (āyodhanam) - battlefield, combat

• उग्रदर्शनम् (ugradarśanam) - dreadful to behold, of terrible appearance

• निशामुखे (niśāmukhe) - at the beginning of night, at dusk

• पितृपतिराष्ट्रसन्निभम् (pitṛpatirāṣṭrasannibham) - resembling the realm of the lord of ancestors (Yama)

• निरीक्षमाणाः (nirīkṣamāṇāḥ) - gazing at, looking upon, observing

• शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

• जहूः (jahūḥ) - they abandoned, they left

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

• समुत्थितारुण्डकुलोपसङ्कुलम् (samutthitāruṇḍakulopasaṅkulam) - crowded with hordes of arisen vultures

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

आयोधनम् (āyodhanam) - battlefield, combat

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyodhana

āyodhana - battle, fight, battlefield, combat

Derived from the root yudh (to fight) with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: yudh (class 4)

उग्रदर्शनम् (ugradarśanam) - dreadful to behold, of terrible appearance

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ugradarśana

ugradarśana - dreadful to behold, of terrible appearance, formidable

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (ugra+darśana)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, formidable
  adjective (masculine)
• darśana – sight, appearance, seeing
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root dṛś (to see).
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

निशामुखे (niśāmukhe) - at the beginning of night, at dusk

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niśāmukha

niśāmukha - the beginning of night, dusk, evening

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (niśā+mukha)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• mukha – face, mouth, beginning, front
  noun (neuter)

पितृपतिराष्ट्रसन्निभम् (pitṛpatirāṣṭrasannibham) - resembling the realm of the lord of ancestors (Yama)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitṛpatirāṣṭrasannibha

pitṛpatirāṣṭrasannibha - resembling the realm of Yama (the lord of ancestors)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛpati+rāṣṭra+sannibha)

• pitṛpati – lord of ancestors, Yama (the god of death)
  noun (masculine)
• rāṣṭra – realm, kingdom, country
  noun (neuter)
• sannibha – resembling, like, similar to
  adjective (masculine)

निरीक्षमाणाः (nirīkṣamāṇāḥ) - gazing at, looking upon, observing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirīkṣamāṇa

nirīkṣamāṇa - gazing at, looking upon, observing, seeing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from the root īkṣ (to see) with prefix nir-.

Prefix: nir

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

शनकैः (śanakaiḥ) - slowly, gradually

(indeclinable)

जहूः (jahūḥ) - they abandoned, they left

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of hā

Perfect Tense (Liṭ), 3rd Person, Plural, Active Voice. From root hā (to abandon).

Root: hā (class 3)

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

समुत्थितारुण्डकुलोपसङ्कुलम् (samutthitāruṇḍakulopasaṅkulam) - crowded with hordes of arisen vultures

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samutthitāruṇḍakulopasaṅkula

samutthitāruṇḍakulopasaṅkula - crowded or filled with hordes of risen vultures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (samutthita+aruṇḍakula+upasaṅkula)

• samutthita – arisen, risen, sprung up
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- and ut-.
  Prefixes: sam+ut
  Root: sthā (class 1)
• aruṇḍakula – flock/horde of vultures
  noun (neuter)
• aruṇḍa – vulture, carrion bird
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, race, clan, horde, flock
  noun (neuter)
• upasaṅkula – crowded, filled, thronged with
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from root kul (to accumulate) with prefixes upa- and sam-.
  Prefixes: upa+sam
  Root: kul (class 1)