महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-48, verse-29

पृथिव्यामनुकीर्णैश्च व्यश्वसारथियोधिभिः ।
ह्रदैरिव प्रक्षुभितैर्हतनागै रथोत्तमैः ॥२९॥

29. pṛthivyāmanukīrṇaiśca vyaśvasārathiyodhibhiḥ ,
hradairiva prakṣubhitairhatanāgai rathottamaiḥ.

29. pṛthivyām anukīrṇaiḥ ca vy-aśva-sārathi-yodhibhiḥ
hradaiḥ iva prakṣubhitaiḥ hata-nāgaiḥ ratha-uttamaiḥ

29. ca pṛthivyām anukīrṇaiḥ vy-aśva-sārathi-yodhibhiḥ
hradaiḥ iva prakṣubhitaiḥ ratha-uttamaiḥ ca hata-nāgaiḥ

29. And by excellent chariots strewn on the ground, devoid of horses, charioteers, and warriors, and agitated like turbulent lakes; and by dead elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

• अनुकीर्णैः (anukīrṇaiḥ) - by those strewn, by those scattered

• च (ca) - and

• व्य्-अश्व-सारथि-योधिभिः (vy-aśva-sārathi-yodhibhiḥ) - by those without horses, charioteers, and warriors

• ह्रदैः (hradaiḥ) - by lakes, by deep pools

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• प्रक्षुभितैः (prakṣubhitaiḥ) - by those agitated, by those disturbed

• हत-नागैः (hata-nāgaiḥ) - by dead elephants

• रथ-उत्तमैः (ratha-uttamaiḥ) - by excellent chariots

Words meanings and morphology

पृथिव्याम् (pṛthivyām) - on the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, ground, land, world

Root: pṛth (class 1)

अनुकीर्णैः (anukīrṇaiḥ) - by those strewn, by those scattered

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anukīrṇa

anukīrṇa - strewn, scattered, dispersed, covered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kīr' (to scatter) with prefix 'anu'.

Prefix: anu

Root: kīr (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

व्य्-अश्व-सारथि-योधिभिः (vy-aśva-sārathi-yodhibhiḥ) - by those without horses, charioteers, and warriors

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vy-aśva-sārathi-yodhi

vy-aśva-sārathi-yodhi - deprived of horses, charioteers, and warriors; without horses, charioteers, and warriors

Bahuvrihi compound 'vi' (without/separated) + 'aśva' (horse) + 'sārathi' (charioteer) + 'yodhin' (warrior).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+aśva+sārathi+yodhin)

• vi – apart, asunder, away; prefix indicating absence
  indeclinable
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• sārathi – charioteer, driver
  noun (masculine)
• yodhin – warrior, fighter, soldier
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'yudh' (to fight)
  Root: yudh (class 4)

ह्रदैः (hradaiḥ) - by lakes, by deep pools

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hrada

hrada - lake, pond, deep pool, whirlpool

Root: hrād (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

प्रक्षुभितैः (prakṣubhitaiḥ) - by those agitated, by those disturbed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prakṣubhita

prakṣubhita - agitated, disturbed, thrown into confusion, stirred up

Past Passive Participle

From root 'kṣubh' (to shake, agitate) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṣubh (class 4)

हत-नागैः (hata-nāgaiḥ) - by dead elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of hata-nāga

hata-nāga - dead elephants, slain elephants

Compound 'hata' (slain) + 'nāga' (elephant).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (hata+nāga)

• hata – slain, killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'han' (to strike, kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• nāga – elephant, serpent, cobra, a specific class of divine beings
  noun (masculine)

रथ-उत्तमैः (ratha-uttamaiḥ) - by excellent chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of rathottama

rathottama - excellent chariots, best of chariots

Compound 'ratha' (chariot) + 'uttama' (best, excellent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+uttama)

• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)
• uttama – best, excellent, highest, principal
  adjective
  Superlative of 'ud'.