महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-48, verse-14

क्षोभयित्वा चमूं सर्वां नलिनीमिव कुञ्जरः ।
अशोभत हतो वीरो व्याधैर्वनगजो यथा ॥१४॥

14. kṣobhayitvā camūṁ sarvāṁ nalinīmiva kuñjaraḥ ,
aśobhata hato vīro vyādhairvanagajo yathā.

14. kṣobhayitvā camūm sarvām nalinīm iva kuñjaraḥ
aśobhata hataḥ vīraḥ vyādhaiḥ vanagajaḥ yathā

14. vīraḥ sarvām camūm nalinīm iva kuñjaraḥ
kṣobhayitvā hataḥ aśobhata yathā vyādhaiḥ vanagajaḥ

14. Having agitated the entire army, just as an elephant would stir up a lotus pond, the hero lay killed and inglorious, like a wild elephant felled by hunters.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षोभयित्वा (kṣobhayitvā) - having agitated, having disturbed

• चमूम् (camūm) - army, host

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - entire, all, whole

• नलिनीम् (nalinīm) - lotus pond, collection of lotuses

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

• अशोभत (aśobhata) - did not shine, was not glorious, appeared wretched/inglorious

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, slain

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to the hero whose death is being described. (hero, warrior, brave man)

• व्याधैः (vyādhaiḥ) - by hunters, by fowlers

• वनगजः (vanagajaḥ) - wild elephant, forest elephant

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

Words meanings and morphology

क्षोभयित्वा (kṣobhayitvā) - having agitated, having disturbed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the causative stem of root kṣubh with suffix tvā.

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

चमूम् (camūm) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of camū

camū - army, host, troop

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - entire, all, whole

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with camūm.

नलिनीम् (nalinīm) - lotus pond, collection of lotuses

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nalinī

nalinī - lotus pond, collection of lotuses

Derived from nalina (lotus).

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant (lit. 'moving in the caves/mountain-hollows')

अशोभत (aśobhata) - did not shine, was not glorious, appeared wretched/inglorious

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of śobh

Imperfect Middle, 1st conjugation (bhū-ādi).

Root: śubh (class 1)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, struck, slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill) with suffix kta.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with vīraḥ.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - Refers to the hero whose death is being described. (hero, warrior, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave, powerful

Note: Subject of aśobhata and qualified by hataḥ.

व्याधैः (vyādhaiḥ) - by hunters, by fowlers

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vyādha

vyādha - hunter, fowler, killer

From vi-ā-dhā (to pierce, to hit).

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agent of killing (hataḥ).

वनगजः (vanagajaḥ) - wild elephant, forest elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vanagaja

vanagaja - wild elephant, forest elephant

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+gaja)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compared to the vīraḥ.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in which manner

(indeclinable)