महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-48, verse-26

चापैश्च विशिखैश्छिन्नैः शक्त्यृष्टिप्रासकम्पनैः ।
विविधैरायुधैश्चान्यैः संवृता भूरशोभत ॥२६॥

26. cāpaiśca viśikhaiśchinnaiḥ śaktyṛṣṭiprāsakampanaiḥ ,
vividhairāyudhaiścānyaiḥ saṁvṛtā bhūraśobhata.

26. cāpaiḥ ca viśikhaiḥ chinnaiḥ śaktyṛṣṭiprāsakampanaiḥ
vividhaiḥ āyudhaiḥ ca anyaiḥ saṃvṛtā bhūḥ aśobhata

26. bhūḥ chinnaiḥ cāpaiḥ ca viśikhaiḥ śaktyṛṣṭiprāsakampanaiḥ
ca anyaiḥ vividhaiḥ āyudhaiḥ saṃvṛtā aśobhata

26. The ground was disfigured, covered with broken bows and arrows, and with spears, lances, javelins, and various other weapons.

Words meanings summery:

• चापैः (cāpaiḥ) - by bows

• च (ca) - and

• विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows

• छिन्नैः (chinnaiḥ) - by broken, by cut

• शक्त्यृष्टिप्रासकम्पनैः (śaktyṛṣṭiprāsakampanaiḥ) - by spears, lances, javelins, and kampana weapons

• विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, manifold

• आयुधैः (āyudhaiḥ) - by weapons

• च (ca) - and

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other

• संवृता (saṁvṛtā) - covered, filled, concealed

• भूः (bhūḥ) - earth, ground, land

• अशोभत (aśobhata) - was disfigured; did not look beautiful due to the devastation (did not look beautiful, was disfigured)

Words meanings and morphology

चापैः (cāpaiḥ) - by bows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of cāpa

cāpa - bow, arc

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विशिखैः (viśikhaiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikha

viśikha - arrow, one who has no top-knot (a mendicant), bald

छिन्नैः (chinnaiḥ) - by broken, by cut

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of chinna

chinna - cut, broken, severed, divided

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'chid' (to cut, cleave).

Root: chid (class 7)

शक्त्यृष्टिप्रासकम्पनैः (śaktyṛṣṭiprāsakampanaiḥ) - by spears, lances, javelins, and kampana weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śaktyṛṣṭiprāsakampana

śaktyṛṣṭiprāsakampana - spears, lances, javelins, and kampana weapons (a class of missiles)

Compound listing different types of weapons.

Compound type : dvandva (śakti+ṛṣṭi+prāsa+kampana)

• śakti – spear, dart, javelin, power
  noun (feminine)
• ṛṣṭi – spear, lance, javelin
  noun (feminine)
• prāsa – javelin, spear, dart
  noun (masculine)
  From pra-as 'to throw'
  Prefix: pra
  Root: as (class 4)
• kampana – shaking, trembling; a type of weapon or missile
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'kamp' (to shake)
  Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: The compound is a listing of items, appearing as masculine plural here, agreeing with other instrumental plural nouns/adjectives.

विविधैः (vividhaiḥ) - by various, manifold

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold, different

Note: Agrees with āyudhaiḥ.

आयुधैः (āyudhaiḥ) - by weapons

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of āyudha

āyudha - weapon, implement, tool

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Appears as neuter in the plural instrumental, though also found as masculine in epics.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by other

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, different, distinct

Note: Agrees with vividhaiḥ āyudhaiḥ.

संवृता (saṁvṛtā) - covered, filled, concealed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saṃvṛta

saṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, concealed, surrounded

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

भूः (bhūḥ) - earth, ground, land

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, place, existence

Note: Subject of the sentence.

अशोभत (aśobhata) - was disfigured; did not look beautiful due to the devastation (did not look beautiful, was disfigured)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Past Imperfect (Laṅ) of śobh

Imperfect, Middle voice

Root 'śubh' (to shine, be beautiful) with past tense augment 'a-'. In epic literature, when describing a devastated battlefield, this verb is often used to imply a grim or disfigured appearance, rather than literal beauty.

Root: śubh (class 1)