महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-48, verse-28

साङ्कुशैः समहामात्रैः सवर्मायुधकेतुभिः ।
पर्वतैरिव विध्वस्तैर्विशिखोन्मथितैर्गजैः ॥२८॥

28. sāṅkuśaiḥ samahāmātraiḥ savarmāyudhaketubhiḥ ,
parvatairiva vidhvastairviśikhonmathitairgajaiḥ.

28. sāṅkuśaiḥ samahāmātraiḥ savarmāyudhakeṭubhiḥ
parvataiḥ iva vidhvastaiḥ viśikhonmathitaiḥ gajaiḥ

28. gajaiḥ parvataiḥ iva vidhvastaiḥ viśikhonmathitaiḥ
sāṅkuśaiḥ samahāmātraiḥ savarmāyudhakeṭubhiḥ

28. And by elephants, shattered like mountains and crushed by arrows, along with their goads, great drivers, armor, weapons, and banners.

Words meanings summery:

• साङ्कुशैः (sāṅkuśaiḥ) - by those with goads

• समहामात्रैः (samahāmātraiḥ) - by those with great elephant drivers

• सवर्मायुधकेटुभिः (savarmāyudhakeṭubhiḥ) - by those with armor, weapons, and banners

• पर्वतैः (parvataiḥ) - by mountains

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• विध्वस्तैः (vidhvastaiḥ) - by those shattered, by those destroyed

• विशिखोन्मथितैः (viśikhonmathitaiḥ) - by those crushed by arrows

• गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

Words meanings and morphology

साङ्कुशैः (sāṅkuśaiḥ) - by those with goads

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāṅkuśa

sāṅkuśa - with goads

Compound 'sa' (with) + 'aṅkuśa' (elephant goad).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+aṅkuśa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• aṅkuśa – elephant goad, hook
  noun (masculine)

समहामात्रैः (samahāmātraiḥ) - by those with great elephant drivers

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of samahāmātra

samahāmātra - with great drivers (of elephants), with ministers

Compound 'sa' (with) + 'mahāmātra' (great minister, chief officer, elephant driver). Here 'elephant driver'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+mahāmātra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• mahāmātra – great minister, chief officer, superintendent, elephant driver
  noun (masculine)
  Compound 'mahā' (great) + 'mātra' (measure, holder).

सवर्मायुधकेटुभिः (savarmāyudhakeṭubhiḥ) - by those with armor, weapons, and banners

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of savarmāyudhakeṭu

savarmāyudhakeṭu - with armor, weapons, and banners

Compound 'sa' (with) + 'varman' (armor) + 'āyudha' (weapon) + 'ketu' (banner).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+varman+āyudha+ketu)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• varman – armor, mail, defensive covering
  noun (neuter)
• āyudha – weapon, implement
  noun (neuter)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• ketu – banner, flag, sign, chief
  noun (masculine)

पर्वतैः (parvataiḥ) - by mountains

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

विध्वस्तैः (vidhvastaiḥ) - by those shattered, by those destroyed

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vidhvasta

vidhvasta - shattered, destroyed, fallen, ruined, scattered

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dhvaṃs' (to fall, destroy) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhvaṃs (class 1)

विशिखोन्मथितैः (viśikhonmathitaiḥ) - by those crushed by arrows

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of viśikhonmathita

viśikhonmathita - crushed, churned, or destroyed by arrows

Compound 'viśikha' (arrow) + 'unmathita' (crushed, churned, destroyed).

Compound type : tatpurusha (viśikha+unmathita)

• viśikha – arrow, one who has no top-knot
  noun (masculine)
• unmathita – crushed, churned, destroyed, disturbed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'math' (to churn, crush) with prefix 'ud'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: math (class 1)

गजैः (gajaiḥ) - by elephants

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of gaja

gaja - elephant