महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-20, verse-4

तत आचार्यपाञ्चाल्यौ युयुधाते परस्परम् ।
विक्षोभयन्तौ तत्सैन्यमिन्द्रवैरोचनाविव ॥४॥

4. tata ācāryapāñcālyau yuyudhāte parasparam ,
vikṣobhayantau tatsainyamindravairocanāviva.

4. tataḥ ācāryapāñcālyau yuyudhāte parasparam
vikṣobhayantau tat sainyam indravairocanau iva

4. tataḥ ācāryapāñcālyau parasparam tat sainyam
indravairocanau iva vikṣobhayantau yuyudhāte

4. Then, the teacher and the Panchala prince fought each other, shaking up that army, just like Indra and Virochana.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• आचार्यपाञ्चाल्यौ (ācāryapāñcālyau) - the teacher (Drona) and the Panchala prince (Satyajit)

• युयुधाते (yuyudhāte) - they two fought

• परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually

• विक्षोभयन्तौ (vikṣobhayantau) - disturbing the army (disturbing, agitating, shaking up)

• तत् (tat) - that

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• इन्द्रवैरोचनौ (indravairocanau) - Indra and Virochana

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' (that) + 'tas' suffix.

आचार्यपाञ्चाल्यौ (ācāryapāñcālyau) - the teacher (Drona) and the Panchala prince (Satyajit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ācāryapāñcālya

ācāryapāñcālya - the teacher (Drona) and the Panchala (Satyajit)

Dvandva compound of ācārya (teacher) and pāñcālya (man from Panchala).

Compound type : dvandva (ācārya+pāñcālya)

• ācārya – teacher, preceptor
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car (class 1)
• pāñcālya – a man from Panchala, a prince of Panchala
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from Pañcāla (name of a kingdom).

युयुधाते (yuyudhāte) - they two fought

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of yudh

Perfect (past)

From root 'yudh' (to fight). Third person dual, middle voice.

Root: yudh (class 4)

परस्परम् (parasparam) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter form, functions as an adverb.

विक्षोभयन्तौ (vikṣobhayantau) - disturbing the army (disturbing, agitating, shaking up)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vikṣobhayat

vikṣobhayat - disturbing, agitating, causing commotion

Present active participle (causative)

From causative stem of root 'kṣubh' (to shake) with prefix 'vi', and suffix -at (śatṛ).

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

Note: Adjective-like, agreeing with the dual subject.

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Adjective to 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force, host

From 'senā' (army) with suffix -ya.

Note: Object of 'vikṣobhayantau'.

इन्द्रवैरोचनौ (indravairocanau) - Indra and Virochana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of indravairocana

indravairocana - Indra and Virochana

Dvandva compound of Indra and Virochana.

Compound type : dvandva (indra+vairocana)

• indra – Indra (king of the gods)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vairocana – Virochana (a Daitya king, son of Prahlada)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)