महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-20, verse-26

नागानश्वान्पदातींश्च रथिनो गजसादिनः ।
रौद्रा हस्तवता मुक्ताः प्रमथ्नन्ति स्म सायकाः ॥२६॥

26. nāgānaśvānpadātīṁśca rathino gajasādinaḥ ,
raudrā hastavatā muktāḥ pramathnanti sma sāyakāḥ.

26. nāgān aśvān padātīn ca rathinaḥ gajasādinaḥ
raudrāḥ hastavatā muktāḥ pramathnanti sma sāyakāḥ

26. hastavatā muktāḥ raudrāḥ sāyakāḥ nāgān aśvān
padātīn ca rathinaḥ gajasādinaḥ pramathnanti sma

26. The dreadful arrows, shot by the skilled archer, crushed the elephants, horses, foot soldiers, charioteers, and elephant-riders.

Words meanings summery:

• नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• पदातीन् (padātīn) - foot soldiers (foot soldiers, pedestrians)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteers, chariot-warriors)

• गजसादिनः (gajasādinaḥ) - elephant-riders (elephant-riders, elephant-warriors)

• रौद्राः (raudrāḥ) - dreadful (fierce, terrible, dreadful)

• हस्तवता (hastavatā) - by the skillful archer (by the one with hands, by the skillful one)

• मुक्ताः (muktāḥ) - shot (released, set free, shot)

• प्रमथ्नन्ति (pramathnanti) - they crushed (they crush, destroy, torment)

• स्म (sma) - indicates past tense (indeed, certainly; particle for past tense)

• सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows

Words meanings and morphology

नागान् (nāgān) - elephants (elephants, serpents)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāga

nāga - serpent, elephant, mountain

Note: Object of 'pramathnanti sma'.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Note: Object of 'pramathnanti sma'.

पदातीन् (padātīn) - foot soldiers (foot soldiers, pedestrians)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of padātin

padātin - pedestrian, foot soldier

Note: Object of 'pramathnanti sma'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - charioteers (charioteers, chariot-warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

Note: Object of 'pramathnanti sma'.

गजसादिनः (gajasādinaḥ) - elephant-riders (elephant-riders, elephant-warriors)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of gajasādin

gajasādin - elephant-rider, elephant-warrior

Compound of 'gaja' (elephant) and 'sādin' (rider)

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaja+sādin)

• gaja – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• sādin – rider (of a horse or elephant)
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'sad' (to sit)
  Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Object of 'pramathnanti sma'.

रौद्राः (raudrāḥ) - dreadful (fierce, terrible, dreadful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of raudra

raudra - fierce, terrible, dreadful; relating to Rudra

Note: Modifies 'sāyakāḥ'.

हस्तवता (hastavatā) - by the skillful archer (by the one with hands, by the skillful one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hastavat

hastavat - having hands, skillful, dexterous

Possessive adjective from 'hasta' (hand) with suffix '-vat'

Note: Agent of the action of releasing the arrows.

मुक्ताः (muktāḥ) - shot (released, set free, shot)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mukta

mukta - released, freed, discharged, shot

past passive participle

Past participle of root 'muc' (to release)

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'sāyakāḥ'.

प्रमथ्नन्ति (pramathnanti) - they crushed (they crush, destroy, torment)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of math

present

3rd person plural present active of root 'math' with prefix 'pra-'

Prefix: pra

Root: math (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past action.

स्म (sma) - indicates past tense (indeed, certainly; particle for past tense)

(indeclinable)

Note: Changes the present tense 'pramathnanti' to past tense.

सायकाः (sāyakāḥ) - arrows

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow, dart

Root: ṣi (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'pramathnanti sma'.