महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-20, verse-27

नानद्यमानः पर्जन्यो मिश्रवातो हिमात्यये ।
अश्मवर्षमिवावर्षत्परेषां भयमादधत् ॥२७॥

27. nānadyamānaḥ parjanyo miśravāto himātyaye ,
aśmavarṣamivāvarṣatpareṣāṁ bhayamādadhat.

27. nānadyamānaḥ parjanyaḥ miśravātaḥ himātyaye
aśmavarṣam iva avarṣat pareṣām bhayam ādadhat

27. himātyaye miśravātaḥ nānadyamānaḥ parjanyaḥ aśmavarṣam iva avarṣat,
pareṣām bhayam ādadhat

27. At the end of winter, the roaring rain-cloud, accompanied by swirling winds, showered down as if a rain of stones, instilling fear in the enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• नानद्यमानः (nānadyamānaḥ) - thundering (roaring, thundering, making a loud noise)

• पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - rain-cloud (rain-cloud, god of rain (Indra), thunder-cloud)

• मिश्रवातः (miśravātaḥ) - accompanied by swirling winds (mixed with wind, accompanied by wind)

• हिमात्यये (himātyaye) - at the end of winter (at the end of winter, at the end of the cold season)

• अश्मवर्षम् (aśmavarṣam) - shower of stones (shower of stones, hail of stones)

• इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

• अवर्षत् (avarṣat) - showered down (it rained, he showered)

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the enemies (of others, of enemies)

• भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, fright, danger)

• आदधत् (ādadhat) - instilling (causing, instilling, giving)

Words meanings and morphology

नानद्यमानः (nānadyamānaḥ) - thundering (roaring, thundering, making a loud noise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nānadyamāna

nānadyamāna - roaring, thundering, making a loud noise (from intensive of nad)

Present Active Participle (intensive)

Derived from the intensive (yaṅ-luk) of the root 'nad' (to sound, to roar), used as a present active participle.

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Participial adjective, agrees with 'parjanyaḥ'.

पर्जन्यः (parjanyaḥ) - rain-cloud (rain-cloud, god of rain (Indra), thunder-cloud)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parjanya

parjanya - rain-cloud, god of rain, thunder-cloud

Note: Subject of the sentence.

मिश्रवातः (miśravātaḥ) - accompanied by swirling winds (mixed with wind, accompanied by wind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of miśravāta

miśravāta - mixed with wind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (miśra+vāta)

• miśra – mixed, mingled, blended
  adjective (masculine)
• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'parjanyaḥ'.

हिमात्यये (himātyaye) - at the end of winter (at the end of winter, at the end of the cold season)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of himātyaya

himātyaya - end of winter, end of cold season

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (hima+atyaya)

• hima – snow, frost, cold, winter
  noun (neuter)
• atyaya – passing over, end, expiration, transgression
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Indicates time.

अश्मवर्षम् (aśmavarṣam) - shower of stones (shower of stones, hail of stones)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aśmavarṣa

aśmavarṣa - rain of stones, hail

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśman+varṣa)

• aśman – stone, rock, bolt (of Indra)
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, showering, year
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Object of comparison for 'avarṣat'.

इव (iva) - as if (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'aśmavarṣam' with the action of showering.

अवर्षत् (avarṣat) - showered down (it rained, he showered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛṣ

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of the enemies (of others, of enemies)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy

Note: Qualifies 'bhayam', meaning fear directed towards enemies.

भयम् (bhayam) - fear (fear, fright, danger)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, fright, danger

Derived from root 'bhī' (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of 'ādadhat'.

आदधत् (ādadhat) - instilling (causing, instilling, giving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādadhat

ādadhat - giving, bestowing, placing, causing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dhā' with prefix 'ā'. Present Active Participle.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Participial adjective, acts as an attribute to the implied subject.