महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-20, verse-17

तस्मिन्हते महामात्रे पाञ्चालानां रथर्षभे ।
अपायाज्जवनैरश्वैर्द्रोणात्त्रस्तो युधिष्ठिरः ॥१७॥

17. tasminhate mahāmātre pāñcālānāṁ ratharṣabhe ,
apāyājjavanairaśvairdroṇāttrasto yudhiṣṭhiraḥ.

17. tasmin hate mahāmātre pāñcālānām ratharṣabhe
apāyāt javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ droṇāt trastaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ

17. tasmin mahāmātre ratharṣabhe pāñcālānām hate
droṇāt trastaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ javanaiḥ aśvaiḥ apāyāt

17. When that great general (mahāmātra) and chief of charioteers of the Pāñcālas was killed, Yudhiṣṭhira, terrified of Droṇa, fled on swift horses.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - When that (Satyajit). Part of a locative absolute construction. (in that, on that, when that)

• हते (hate) - slain, killed, destroyed

• महामात्रे (mahāmātre) - Referring to Satyajit, who was a high-ranking warrior/general. (in the great minister/general, in the chief officer)

• पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Pāñcālas

• रथर्षभे (ratharṣabhe) - Referring to Satyajit, who was an excellent charioteer. (in the chief of charioteers, in the best of charioteers)

• अपायात् (apāyāt) - he fled, he departed

• जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - Referring to horses. (with swift ones, by means of swift (horses))

• अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

• द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa

• त्रस्तः (trastaḥ) - frightened, terrified, scared

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - When that (Satyajit). Part of a locative absolute construction. (in that, on that, when that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

हते (hate) - slain, killed, destroyed

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction.

महामात्रे (mahāmātre) - Referring to Satyajit, who was a high-ranking warrior/general. (in the great minister/general, in the chief officer)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāmātra

mahāmātra - great minister, chief officer, great warrior, elephant driver

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+mātra)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• mātra – measure, only, (suffix for 'related to')
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to Satyajit.

पाञ्चालानाम् (pāñcālānām) - of the Pāñcālas

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a native or king of the Pañcāla country

रथर्षभे (ratharṣabhe) - Referring to Satyajit, who was an excellent charioteer. (in the chief of charioteers, in the best of charioteers)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratharṣabha

ratharṣabha - chief of charioteers, best of chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+ṛṣabha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best (often used as an epithet)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Satyajit.

अपायात् (apāyāt) - he fled, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of yā

Imperfect (laṅ) tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Root √yā (2nd class) with prefix apa-.

Prefix: apa

Root: yā (class 2)

जवनैः (javanaiḥ) - Referring to horses. (with swift ones, by means of swift (horses))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of javana

javana - swift, quick

Root: jū (class 1)

Note: Adjective for 'aśvaiḥ'.

अश्वैः (aśvaiḥ) - by horses, with horses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

द्रोणात् (droṇāt) - from Droṇa

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (proper name, a revered teacher and warrior)

त्रस्तः (trastaḥ) - frightened, terrified, scared

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of trasta

trasta - frightened, terrified, scared

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √tras (to tremble, be afraid)

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Adjective describing Yudhiṣṭhira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name, 'steady in battle')