महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-20, verse-24

तं दहन्तमनीकानि क्रुद्धमग्निं यथा वनम् ।
दृष्ट्वा रुक्मरथं क्रुद्धं समकम्पन्त सृञ्जयाः ॥२४॥

24. taṁ dahantamanīkāni kruddhamagniṁ yathā vanam ,
dṛṣṭvā rukmarathaṁ kruddhaṁ samakampanta sṛñjayāḥ.

24. tam dahantam anīkāni kruddham agnim yathā vanam
dṛṣṭvā rukmaratham kruddham samakampanta sṛñjayāḥ

24. sṛñjayāḥ tam kruddham rukmaratham,
anīkāni vanam yathā kruddham agnim dahantam,
dṛṣṭvā samakampanta

24. When they saw Rukmaratha, furious and burning up the armies just as an enraged fire consumes a forest, the Sṛñjayas trembled.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Rukmaratha) (him, that)

• दहन्तम् (dahantam) - burning up (burning, consuming)

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies (armies, troops)

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, like, just as)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• रुक्मरथम् (rukmaratham) - Rukmaratha (Rukmaratha (proper name))

• क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• समकम्पन्त (samakampanta) - they trembled (they trembled, shook)

• सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Sṛñjaya people (the Sṛñjayas)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Rukmaratha) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Rukmaratha.

दहन्तम् (dahantam) - burning up (burning, consuming)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dahant

dahant - burning, consuming

present active participle

Present participle of root 'dah' (to burn)

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam' (Rukmaratha).

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies (armies, troops)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, troop

Note: Object of 'dahantam'.

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

past passive participle

Past participle of root 'krudh' (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'agnim'.

अग्निम् (agnim) - fire

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, god of fire

Note: Part of the simile: 'like fire'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, like, just as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the comparison.

वनम् (vanam) - forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Object of the implied burning in the simile.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tvā'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates the action preceding the trembling.

रुक्मरथम् (rukmaratham) - Rukmaratha (Rukmaratha (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rukmaratha

rukmaratha - Rukmaratha (proper name, 'golden chariot')

Compound type : tatpurusha (rukma+ratha)

• rukma – gold, bright, splendid
  noun (neuter)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ramh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

क्रुद्धम् (kruddham) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

past passive participle

Past participle of root 'krudh' (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies 'rukmaratham'.

समकम्पन्त (samakampanta) - they trembled (they trembled, shook)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of kamp

imperfect

3rd person plural imperfect middle of root 'kamp' with prefix 'sam-'

Prefix: sam

Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

सृञ्जयाः (sṛñjayāḥ) - the Sṛñjaya people (the Sṛñjayas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - the Sṛñjaya country/people

Note: Subject of 'samakampanta'.