महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-5

देवदानवगन्धर्वास्त्रस्ता आसन्विशां पते ।
कथं कथाभवत्तीव्रा दृष्ट्वा तद्व्याकुलं महत् ॥५॥

5. devadānavagandharvāstrastā āsanviśāṁ pate ,
kathaṁ kathābhavattīvrā dṛṣṭvā tadvyākulaṁ mahat.

5. devadānavagandharvāḥ trastāḥ āsan viśām pate katham
kathā abhavat tīvrā dṛṣṭvā tat vyākulam mahat

5. viśām pate devadānavagandharvāḥ trastāḥ āsan tat
mahat vyākulam dṛṣṭvā katham tīvrā kathā abhavat

5. O lord of the people, the gods, dānavas, and gandharvas were terrified. How could such a terrible state of affairs come to be, having witnessed that great agitation?

Words meanings summery:

• देवदानवगन्धर्वाः (devadānavagandharvāḥ) - gods, dānavas (demons), and gandharvas (celestial musicians)

• त्रस्ताः (trastāḥ) - terrified, frightened

• आसन् (āsan) - were, existed

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• कथा (kathā) - state, condition (of affairs) (story, tale, conversation, state, condition)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

• तीव्रा (tīvrā) - terrible, intense (intense, fierce, violent, terrible)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• तत् (tat) - that (agitation) (that, it)

• व्याकुलम् (vyākulam) - agitation, disturbance (agitated, disturbed, bewildered)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, extensive)

Words meanings and morphology

देवदानवगन्धर्वाः (devadānavagandharvāḥ) - gods, dānavas (demons), and gandharvas (celestial musicians)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of devadānavagandharva

devadānavagandharva - gods, dānavas, and gandharvas (collectively)

Compound type : dvandva (deva+dānava+gandharva)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• dānava – descendant of Danu, a class of demons
  noun (masculine)
• gandharva – celestial musician, a class of demi-gods
  noun (masculine)

त्रस्ताः (trastāḥ) - terrified, frightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of trasta

trasta - frightened, terrified, alarmed

Past Passive Participle

from root tras

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Agrees with devadānavagandharvāḥ.

आसन् (āsan) - were, existed

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

from root as, 3rd person plural

Root: as (class 2)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, clan, house

Note: Part of the vocative compound viśām pate.

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Part of the vocative compound viśām pate.

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

कथा (kathā) - state, condition (of affairs) (story, tale, conversation, state, condition)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kathā

kathā - story, tale, narrative, conversation, state, condition

अभवत् (abhavat) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

from root bhū, 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

तीव्रा (tīvrā) - terrible, intense (intense, fierce, violent, terrible)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tīvra

tīvra - sharp, intense, fierce, terrible, violent

Note: Agrees with kathā.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root dṛś with -tvā suffix

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (agitation) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

Note: Refers to vyākulam mahat.

व्याकुलम् (vyākulam) - agitation, disturbance (agitated, disturbed, bewildered)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyākula

vyākula - agitated, perplexed, disturbed, bewildered

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: kul (class 1)

Note: Agrees with tat and mahat.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, extensive)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, eminent

Note: Agrees with tat and vyākulam.