महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-20

एते शब्दा भृशं तीव्राः प्रवृत्ताः कुरुसागरे ।
मुहुर्मुहुरुदीर्यन्तः कम्पयन्ति हि मामकान् ॥२०॥

20. ete śabdā bhṛśaṁ tīvrāḥ pravṛttāḥ kurusāgare ,
muhurmuhurudīryantaḥ kampayanti hi māmakān.

20. ete śabdāḥ bhr̥śam tīvrāḥ pravr̥ttāḥ kurusāgare
muhur muhur udīryantaḥ kampayanti hi māmakan

20. kurusāgare bhr̥śam tīvrāḥ pravr̥ttāḥ ete śabdāḥ
muhur muhur udīryantaḥ hi māmakan kampayanti

20. These extremely intense sounds, echoing repeatedly from the Kuru-ocean (of warriors), indeed cause my men to tremble.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these (specific sounds mentioned in the previous verse) (these)

• शब्दाः (śabdāḥ) - sounds (sounds, noises, words)

• भ्र्̥शम् (bhr̥śam) - very, extremely (very, greatly, intensely, exceedingly)

• तीव्राः (tīvrāḥ) - intense, loud (intense, sharp, severe, vehement)

• प्रव्र्̥त्ताः (pravr̥ttāḥ) - arisen, started, emanated (arisen, begun, engaged, proceed)

• कुरुसागरे (kurusāgare) - in the vast Kuru army (likened to an ocean) (in the Kuru-ocean, in the ocean of Kurus)

• मुहुर् (muhur) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, instantly)

• मुहुर् (muhur) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, instantly)

• उदीर्यन्तः (udīryantaḥ) - repeatedly rising, reverberating (rising up, being emitted, resounding)

• कम्पयन्ति (kampayanti) - they cause to tremble (they shake, they cause to tremble)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

• मामकन् (māmakan) - my (Dhritarashtra's) men, i.e., the Kauravas (my men, my people, those belonging to me)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these (specific sounds mentioned in the previous verse) (these)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these (demonstrative pronoun)

Nominative plural masculine form.

Note: Qualifies 'śabdāḥ'.

शब्दाः (śabdāḥ) - sounds (sounds, noises, words)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

Root: śabd

Note: Subject of 'kampayanti'.

भ्र्̥शम् (bhr̥śam) - very, extremely (very, greatly, intensely, exceedingly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use.

Note: Qualifies 'tīvrāḥ'.

तीव्राः (tīvrāḥ) - intense, loud (intense, sharp, severe, vehement)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tīvra

tīvra - intense, sharp, severe, keen, vehement

Root: tij

प्रव्र्̥त्ताः (pravr̥ttāḥ) - arisen, started, emanated (arisen, begun, engaged, proceed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pravr̥tta

pravr̥tta - arisen, commenced, proceeded, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From pra + vṛt (to turn, proceed)

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कुरुसागरे (kurusāgare) - in the vast Kuru army (likened to an ocean) (in the Kuru-ocean, in the ocean of Kurus)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kurusāgara

kurusāgara - ocean of Kurus, the Kuru army likened to an ocean

Compound of Kuru (proper noun) + sāgara (ocean). Metaphorical.

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuru+sāgara)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king, also refers to his descendants and their kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sāgara – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: Location where the sounds arise.

मुहुर् (muhur) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, instantly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial.

Note: Adverb modifying 'udīryantaḥ'.

मुहुर् (muhur) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again, instantly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial.

Note: Adverb modifying 'udīryantaḥ'.

उदीर्यन्तः (udīryantaḥ) - repeatedly rising, reverberating (rising up, being emitted, resounding)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of udīryat

udīryat - rising up, being emitted, resounding, being uttered

Present Passive Participle

From ut + īr (to stir, to send forth), passive voice.

Prefix: ut

Root: īr (class 2)

Note: Describes the sounds.

कम्पयन्ति (kampayanti) - they cause to tremble (they shake, they cause to tremble)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kampay

Present active indicative

Causative of root kamp (to tremble)

Root: kamp (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, surely, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

मामकन् (māmakan) - my (Dhritarashtra's) men, i.e., the Kauravas (my men, my people, those belonging to me)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māmakā

māmakā - my men, my people, those belonging to me

Derived from mama (my).

Note: Object of 'kampayanti'.