महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-41

विक्रोशमाने हि मयि भृशमाचार्यगृद्धिनि ।
अवकीर्य स्वधर्मं हि शिष्येण निहतो गुरुः ॥४१॥

41. vikrośamāne hi mayi bhṛśamācāryagṛddhini ,
avakīrya svadharmaṁ hi śiṣyeṇa nihato guruḥ.

41. vikrośamāne hi mayi bhṛśam ācāryagṛddhini
avakīrya svadharmam hi śiṣyeṇa nihataḥ guruḥ

41. hi mayi bhṛśam ācāryagṛddhini vikrośamāne
śiṣyeṇa svadharmam avakīrya hi guruḥ nihataḥ

41. Indeed, while I, intensely devoted to the preceptor, was crying out in protest, the preceptor was killed by a disciple who abandoned his own inherent duty (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• विक्रोशमाने (vikrośamāne) - while crying out in protest (while crying out, wailing, lamenting)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• मयि (mayi) - while I was (locative absolute) (in me, on me, about me, by me)

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - intensely (greatly, exceedingly, strongly)

• आचार्यगृद्धिनि (ācāryagṛddhini) - devoted to the preceptor (greedy for a preceptor, attached to a preceptor)

• अवकीर्य (avakīrya) - having abandoned (having scattered, having abandoned, having disregarded)

• स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - his own inherent duty (dharma) (one's own duty (dharma), one's own intrinsic nature (dharma))

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• शिष्येण (śiṣyeṇa) - by a disciple (referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, who was taught by Droṇa) (by the disciple)

• निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed (killed, slain)

• गुरुः (guruḥ) - the preceptor (Droṇa) (preceptor, teacher, heavy one, venerable one)

Words meanings and morphology

विक्रोशमाने (vikrośamāne) - while crying out in protest (while crying out, wailing, lamenting)

(participle)

Locative, masculine, singular of vikrośamāna

vikrośamāna - crying out, shouting, wailing

Present Middle Participle

Present participle of root kruś with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with mayi.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle for emphasis or cause.

मयि (mayi) - while I was (locative absolute) (in me, on me, about me, by me)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

First person pronoun stem.

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction. Refers to the speaker.

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - intensely (greatly, exceedingly, strongly)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial form.

Note: Adverb modifying ācāryagṛddhini.

आचार्यगृद्धिनि (ācāryagṛddhini) - devoted to the preceptor (greedy for a preceptor, attached to a preceptor)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of ācāryagṛddhin

ācāryagṛddhin - desirous of a preceptor (guru), attached to a preceptor (guru)

Formed with suffix -in from gṛddha (greedy) for ācārya.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ācārya+gṛddhin)

• ācārya – preceptor (guru), teacher
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: car
• gṛddhin – greedy, desirous of
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gṛdh with in suffix.
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with mayi, part of locative absolute construction.

अवकीर्य (avakīrya) - having abandoned (having scattered, having abandoned, having disregarded)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive form of root kṛ with prefix ava.

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)

Note: Modifies śiṣyeṇa, indicating an action completed before the main verb 'nihataḥ'.

स्वधर्मम् (svadharmam) - his own inherent duty (dharma) (one's own duty (dharma), one's own intrinsic nature (dharma))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svadharma

svadharma - one's own duty (dharma), one's own intrinsic nature (dharma), personal constitution

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
  Reflexive pronoun.
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ

Note: Object of avakīrya.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle for emphasis or cause.

शिष्येण (śiṣyeṇa) - by a disciple (referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna, who was taught by Droṇa) (by the disciple)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student

From root śās.

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Agent of nihataḥ.

निहतः (nihataḥ) - killed (killed, slain)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main predicate, agrees with guruḥ.

गुरुः (guruḥ) - the preceptor (Droṇa) (preceptor, teacher, heavy one, venerable one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor (guru), heavy, venerable

Root: gṝ

Note: Subject of nihataḥ.