महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-31

योऽद्यानाथ इवाक्रम्य पार्षतेन हतस्तथा ।
कर्मणा सुनृशंसेन तस्य नाथो व्यवस्थितः ॥३१॥

31. yo'dyānātha ivākramya pārṣatena hatastathā ,
karmaṇā sunṛśaṁsena tasya nātho vyavasthitaḥ.

31. yaḥ adya anāthaḥ iva ākramya Pārṣatena hataḥ tathā
karmaṇā sunṛśaṃsena tasya nāthaḥ vyavasthitaḥ

31. yaḥ adya anāthaḥ iva Pārṣatena sunṛśaṃsena karmaṇā ākramya tathā hataḥ,
tasya nāthaḥ vyavasthitaḥ.

31. He who was attacked and slain by Dhṛṣṭadyumna as if he were helpless, through an exceedingly cruel deed—his avenger is now determined.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - Droṇa (who, he who)

• अद्य (adya) - today, now

• अनाथः (anāthaḥ) - helpless, without a protector, orphaned

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having assailed

• पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Pṛṣata)

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by deed, by action

• सुनृशंसेन (sunṛśaṁsena) - by the very cruel, by the exceedingly fierce

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (Droṇa) (of him, his)

• नाथः (nāthaḥ) - avenger, protector (for Droṇa) (protector, lord, master)

• व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - is now determined (to avenge) (established, resolved, determined, stood forth)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - Droṇa (who, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

अद्य (adya) - today, now

(indeclinable)

अनाथः (anāthaḥ) - helpless, without a protector, orphaned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anātha

anātha - helpless, without a protector, orphaned

Negative compound (na + nātha)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+nātha)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• nātha – protector, lord, master
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

आक्रम्य (ākramya) - having attacked, having assailed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund (prefix 'ā' with root 'kram')

Derived from root 'kram' (to step, go) with prefix 'ā', using suffix -ya for absolutive with prefix

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

पार्षतेन (pārṣatena) - by Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Pṛṣata)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of Pārṣata

Pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata; Dhṛṣṭadyumna

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, so

(indeclinable)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by deed, by action

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual (karma)

सुनृशंसेन (sunṛśaṁsena) - by the very cruel, by the exceedingly fierce

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sunṛśaṃsa

sunṛśaṁsa - very cruel, exceedingly fierce/wicked

Compound of 'su' (good, intensifying prefix) and 'nṛśaṃsa' (cruel, wicked)

Compound type : prādi-samāsa (su+nṛśaṃsa)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
  Intensifying prefix
• nṛśaṃsa – cruel, wicked, atrocious
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'

तस्य (tasya) - of that (Droṇa) (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नाथः (nāthaḥ) - avenger, protector (for Droṇa) (protector, lord, master)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nātha

nātha - protector, lord, master, asylum

व्यवस्थितः (vyavasthitaḥ) - is now determined (to avenge) (established, resolved, determined, stood forth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - established, settled, determined, arranged, standing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefixes 'vi' and 'ava'

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)