महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-19

हयानां हेषतां शब्दः कुञ्जराणां च बृंहताम् ।
रथनेमिस्वनश्चात्र विमिश्रः श्रूयते महान् ॥१९॥

19. hayānāṁ heṣatāṁ śabdaḥ kuñjarāṇāṁ ca bṛṁhatām ,
rathanemisvanaścātra vimiśraḥ śrūyate mahān.

19. hayānām heṣatām śabdaḥ kuñjarāṇām ca br̥ṃhatām
rathanemisvanaḥ ca atra vimiśraḥ śrūyate mahān

19. atra hayānām heṣatām ca kuñjarāṇām br̥ṃhatām ca
rathanemisvanaḥ mahān vimiśraḥ śabdaḥ śrūyate

19. Here, a great, mixed sound is heard, consisting of the neighing of horses, the trumpeting of elephants, and the rumble of chariot wheels.

Words meanings summery:

• हयानाम् (hayānām) - of the horses (in the army) (of horses)

• हेषताम् (heṣatām) - of neighing (of neighing, of roaring)

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (sound, noise, word)

• कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of the elephants (in the army) (of elephants)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ब्र्̥ंहताम् (br̥ṁhatām) - of trumpeting (elephants) (of trumpeting, of roaring)

• रथनेमिस्वनः (rathanemisvanaḥ) - sound of chariot wheels

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अत्र (atra) - here (on the battlefield) (here, in this place)

• विमिश्रः (vimiśraḥ) - mixed (sound) (mixed, mingled, blended)

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard (is heard, is listened to)

• महान् (mahān) - great (in volume) (great, large, extensive)

Words meanings and morphology

हयानाम् (hayānām) - of the horses (in the army) (of horses)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse, steed

From root hi (to go)

Root: hi

Note: Possession of the sound ('heṣatām śabdaḥ').

हेषताम् (heṣatām) - of neighing (of neighing, of roaring)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of heṣat

heṣat - neighing, snorting (of horses)

Present Active Participle

From root heṣ (to neigh)

Root: heṣ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'hayānām'.

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

Root: śabd

Note: Subject of 'śrūyate'.

कुञ्जराणाम् (kuñjarāṇām) - of the elephants (in the army) (of elephants)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant (literally 'born in a cave', referring to mountain elephants)

Note: Possession of the sound ('br̥ṃhatām').

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ब्र्̥ंहताम् (br̥ṁhatām) - of trumpeting (elephants) (of trumpeting, of roaring)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of br̥ṃhat

br̥ṁhat - trumpeting (of elephants), roaring

Present Active Participle

From root br̥ṃh (to roar, trumpet)

Root: br̥ṃh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'kuñjarāṇām'.

रथनेमिस्वनः (rathanemisvanaḥ) - sound of chariot wheels

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rathanemisvana

rathanemisvana - sound of chariot wheels/felloes

Compound of ratha (chariot) + nemi (felloe/rim of wheel) + svana (sound).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+nemi+svana)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram
• nemi – felloe, rim of a wheel
  noun (feminine)
  Root: nam
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From root svan (to sound)
  Root: svan (class 1)

Note: Another subject of 'śrūyate'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'rathanemisvanaḥ' with the previous elements.

अत्र (atra) - here (on the battlefield) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

Derived from idam (this)

विमिश्रः (vimiśraḥ) - mixed (sound) (mixed, mingled, blended)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vimiśra

vimiśra - mixed, mingled, blended, various

Past Passive Participle-like formation

From vi + miśr (to mix)

Prefix: vi

Root: miśr (class 10)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'śabdaḥ'.

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - is heard (is heard, is listened to)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śru

Present passive indicative

Root class 5, passive form 'śrūyate'

Root: śru (class 5)

महान् (mahān) - great (in volume) (great, large, extensive)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, mighty, noble

Stem mahat, nominative singular masculine.

Note: Qualifies 'śabdaḥ'.