महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-167, verse-13
भग्ननीडैराकुलाश्वैरारुह्यान्ये विचेतसः ।
भीताः पादैर्हयान्केचित्त्वरयन्तः स्वयं रथैः ।
युगचक्राक्षभग्नैश्च द्रुताः केचिद्भयातुराः ॥१३॥
भीताः पादैर्हयान्केचित्त्वरयन्तः स्वयं रथैः ।
युगचक्राक्षभग्नैश्च द्रुताः केचिद्भयातुराः ॥१३॥
13. bhagnanīḍairākulāśvairāruhyānye vicetasaḥ ,
bhītāḥ pādairhayānkecittvarayantaḥ svayaṁ rathaiḥ ,
yugacakrākṣabhagnaiśca drutāḥ kecidbhayāturāḥ.
bhītāḥ pādairhayānkecittvarayantaḥ svayaṁ rathaiḥ ,
yugacakrākṣabhagnaiśca drutāḥ kecidbhayāturāḥ.
13.
bhagna-nīḍaiḥ ākulāśvaiḥ āruhya anye
vicetasaḥ bhītāḥ pādaiḥ hayān kecit
tvarayantaḥ svayam rathaiḥ
yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagnaiḥ ca drutāḥ kecit bhayāturāḥ
vicetasaḥ bhītāḥ pādaiḥ hayān kecit
tvarayantaḥ svayam rathaiḥ
yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagnaiḥ ca drutāḥ kecit bhayāturāḥ
13.
anye vicetasaḥ bhagna-nīḍaiḥ ākulāśvaiḥ
āruhya kecit bhītāḥ svayam rathaiḥ
pādaiḥ hayān tvarayantaḥ ca kecit
bhayāturāḥ yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagnaiḥ drutāḥ
āruhya kecit bhītāḥ svayam rathaiḥ
pādaiḥ hayān tvarayantaḥ ca kecit
bhayāturāḥ yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagnaiḥ drutāḥ
13.
Others, bewildered (vicetas), having mounted (chariots/horses) with broken seats and agitated horses. Some, terrified, urged on their horses with their feet, even while on their chariots (ratha). And some, tormented by fear (bhayātura), fled, having their yokes, wheels, and axles shattered.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- भग्न-नीडैः (bhagna-nīḍaiḥ) - with (chariots) having broken seats (by those with broken seats)
- आकुलाश्वैः (ākulāśvaiḥ) - with (chariots) having agitated horses (by those with agitated horses)
- आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted, having ascended
- अन्ये (anye) - others, other ones
- विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - bewildered, senseless, distraught
- भीताः (bhītāḥ) - terrified, afraid, frightened
- पादैः (pādaiḥ) - by feet, with feet
- हयान् (hayān) - horses
- केचित् (kecit) - some (soldiers/warriors) (some, certain ones)
- त्वरयन्तः (tvarayantaḥ) - urging on (the horses) (hastening, urging, quickening)
- स्वयम् (svayam) - themselves (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)
- रथैः (rathaiḥ) - on their chariots (by chariots, with chariots)
- युग-चक्र-अक्ष-भग्नैः (yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagnaiḥ) - with (chariots) having shattered yokes, wheels, and axles (by those with broken yokes, wheels, and axles)
- च (ca) - and, also, moreover
- द्रुताः (drutāḥ) - fled, run away, hastened
- केचित् (kecit) - some (soldiers/warriors) (some, certain ones)
- भयातुराः (bhayāturāḥ) - distressed by fear, tormented by fear
Words meanings and morphology
भग्न-नीडैः (bhagna-nīḍaiḥ) - with (chariots) having broken seats (by those with broken seats)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhagna-nīḍa
bhagna-nīḍa - one whose seat is broken
Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhagna+nīḍa)
- bhagna – broken, shattered, crushed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root bhañj (to break)
Root: bhañj (class 7) - nīḍa – nest, abode, seat (especially of a chariot)
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with implicit chariots/horses being mounted.
आकुलाश्वैः (ākulāśvaiḥ) - with (chariots) having agitated horses (by those with agitated horses)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of ākulāśva
ākulāśva - one whose horses are agitated/confused
Compound type : bahuvrihi (ākula+aśva)
- ākula – agitated, confused, disturbed, crowded
adjective (masculine)
Prefix: ā
Root: kul (class 1) - aśva – horse
noun (masculine)
Note: Agrees with implicit chariots/horses being mounted.
आरुह्य (āruhya) - having mounted, having ascended
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
From root ruh with prefix ā, and suffix -ya (l-yap)
Prefix: ā
Root: ruh (class 1)
अन्ये (anye) - others, other ones
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another
विचेतसः (vicetasaḥ) - bewildered, senseless, distraught
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vicetas
vicetas - bewildered, senseless, confused, distraught
Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+cetas)
- vi – dis-, apart, without, against
upasarga - cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness, heart
noun (neuter)
Note: Agrees with anye.
भीताः (bhītāḥ) - terrified, afraid, frightened
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhīta
bhīta - terrified, afraid, frightened
Past Passive Participle
From root bhī (to fear)
Root: bhī (class 3)
Note: Agrees with kecit.
पादैः (pādaiḥ) - by feet, with feet
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāda
pāda - foot, leg, quarter, ray
हयान् (hayān) - horses
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of haya
haya - horse
Root: hi (class 5)
केचित् (kecit) - some (soldiers/warriors) (some, certain ones)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kecit
kecit - some, certain, someone, anyone
त्वरयन्तः (tvarayantaḥ) - urging on (the horses) (hastening, urging, quickening)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarayant
tvarayant - hastening, urging, causing to hurry
Present Active Participle (Causative)
Causative stem from root tvar (to hurry) with -ant suffix
Root: tvar (class 1)
Note: Agrees with kecit.
स्वयम् (svayam) - themselves (oneself, by oneself, spontaneously)
(indeclinable)
रथैः (rathaiḥ) - on their chariots (by chariots, with chariots)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha
ratha - chariot, car
Root: ram (class 1)
युग-चक्र-अक्ष-भग्नैः (yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagnaiḥ) - with (chariots) having shattered yokes, wheels, and axles (by those with broken yokes, wheels, and axles)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagna
yuga-cakra-akṣa-bhagna - one whose yoke, wheel, and axle are broken
Compound type : bahuvrihi (yuga+cakra+akṣa+bhagna)
- yuga – yoke, pair, age
noun (neuter) - cakra – wheel, discus, circle
noun (neuter) - akṣa – axle, axis, die (for gaming)
noun (masculine) - bhagna – broken, shattered, crushed
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root bhañj (to break)
Root: bhañj (class 7)
Note: Agrees with implicit chariots/means of escape.
च (ca) - and, also, moreover
(indeclinable)
द्रुताः (drutāḥ) - fled, run away, hastened
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of druta
druta - fled, run away, hastened, quick
Past Passive Participle
From root dru (to run, flee)
Root: dru (class 1)
Note: Agrees with kecit bhayāturāḥ.
केचित् (kecit) - some (soldiers/warriors) (some, certain ones)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kecit
kecit - some, certain, someone, anyone
भयातुराः (bhayāturāḥ) - distressed by fear, tormented by fear
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayātura
bhayātura - distressed by fear, tormented by fear, terrified
Compound type : tatpurusha (bhaya+ātura)
- bhaya – fear, dread, terror
noun (neuter)
Root: bhī (class 3) - ātura – distressed, afflicted, tormented, sick
adjective (masculine)
Note: Agrees with kecit.