महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-38

न्यस्तशस्त्रमधर्मेण घातयित्वा गुरुं भवान् ।
रक्षत्विदानीं सामात्यो यदि शक्नोषि पार्षतम् ॥३८॥

38. nyastaśastramadharmeṇa ghātayitvā guruṁ bhavān ,
rakṣatvidānīṁ sāmātyo yadi śaknoṣi pārṣatam.

38. nyastaśastram adharmeṇa ghātayitvā gurum bhavān
rakṣatu idānīm sāmātyaḥ yadi śaknoṣi pārṣatam

38. bhavān nyastaśastram gurum adharmeṇa ghātayitvā
idānīm sāmātyaḥ pārṣatam rakṣatu yadi śaknoṣi

38. Having caused the preceptor, who had laid down his arms, to be killed through unrighteousness (adharma), now, Pārṣata, protect yourself along with your ministers, if you are able.

Words meanings summery:

• न्यस्तशस्त्रम् (nyastaśastram) - who had laid down his arms (referring to Droṇa) (who has laid down weapons; unarmed)

• अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteous means (by unrighteousness, by injustice, by wrong)

• घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused to be killed

• गुरुम् (gurum) - the preceptor (Droṇa) (preceptor, teacher, heavy one, venerable one)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (addressed to Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (your honor, you (respectful))

• रक्षतु (rakṣatu) - protect yourself (imperative, third person used for second person respectful address) (let him protect, may he protect)

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - now (now, at this time)

• सामात्यः (sāmātyaḥ) - along with your ministers (accompanied by ministers, with ministers)

• यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

• शक्नोषि (śaknoṣi) - you are able (you are able, you can)

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (son of Pṛṣata; Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

Words meanings and morphology

न्यस्तशस्त्रम् (nyastaśastram) - who had laid down his arms (referring to Droṇa) (who has laid down weapons; unarmed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nyastaśastra

nyastaśastra - having laid down weapons; unarmed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyasta+śastra)

• nyasta – laid down, placed
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root as with prefix ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 2)
• śastra – weapon, arms
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas

Note: Refers to gurum.

अधर्मेण (adharmeṇa) - by unrighteous means (by unrighteousness, by injustice, by wrong)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of adharma

adharma - unrighteousness, injustice, impiety, violation of natural law (dharma)

Negative prefix a- + dharma.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+dharma)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ

घातयित्वा (ghātayitvā) - having caused to be killed

(indeclinable)

Causative Absolutive

Absolutive form of the causative stem of han.

Root: han (class 2)

गुरुम् (gurum) - the preceptor (Droṇa) (preceptor, teacher, heavy one, venerable one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor (guru), heavy, venerable

Root: gṝ

भवान् (bhavān) - you (addressed to Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (your honor, you (respectful))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (respectful), being, existing

Present Active Participle

From root bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

रक्षतु (rakṣatu) - protect yourself (imperative, third person used for second person respectful address) (let him protect, may he protect)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Grammatically 3rd person singular imperative, but contextually functions as 2nd person singular due to addressing 'bhavān'.

इदानीम् (idānīm) - now (now, at this time)

(indeclinable)

सामात्यः (sāmātyaḥ) - along with your ministers (accompanied by ministers, with ministers)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sāmātya

sāmātya - accompanied by ministers, having ministers

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+amātya)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• amātya – minister, companion
  noun (masculine)
  Root: am

Note: Agrees with bhavān/Pārṣatam implicitly.

यदि (yadi) - if (if, in case)

(indeclinable)

शक्नोषि (śaknoṣi) - you are able (you are able, you can)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - Pārṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (son of Pṛṣata; Dhṛṣṭadyumna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - descendant of Pṛṣata, specifically Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Note: Object of protection.