महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-49

स मया राज्यकामेन हन्यमानोऽप्युपेक्षितः ।
तस्मादवाक्शिरा राजन्प्राप्तोऽस्मि नरकं विभो ॥४९॥

49. sa mayā rājyakāmena hanyamāno'pyupekṣitaḥ ,
tasmādavākśirā rājanprāpto'smi narakaṁ vibho.

49. saḥ mayā rājyakāmena hanyamānaḥ api upekṣitaḥ
tasmāt avākśirāḥ rājan prāptaḥ asmi narakam vibho

49. saḥ rājyakāmena mayā hanyamānaḥ api upekṣitaḥ
rājan vibho tasmāt avākśirāḥ narakam prāptaḥ asmi

49. He (Droṇa), who was being killed by me, driven by the desire for the kingdom, was neglected even though he was dying. Therefore, O King, O mighty one, I have attained hell with my head bowed down.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Droṇa) (he, that)

• मया (mayā) - by me (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by me)

• राज्यकामेन (rājyakāmena) - by one desirous of the kingdom

• हन्यमानः (hanyamānaḥ) - being killed, being slain

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• उपेक्षितः (upekṣitaḥ) - neglected, disregarded, ignored

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

• अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - with head bowed down, head downwards

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• नरकम् (narakam) - hell, infernal region

• विभो (vibho) - O mighty Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O mighty one, O lord)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Droṇa) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to Droṇa.

मया (mayā) - by me (Yudhiṣṭhira) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person singular pronoun.

Note: Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. Agent in passive construction.

राज्यकामेन (rājyakāmena) - by one desirous of the kingdom

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rājyakāma

rājyakāma - desirous of the kingdom, longing for sovereignty

Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājya+kāma)

• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, reign
  noun (neuter)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• kāma – desire, wish, love
  noun (masculine)
  From root kam (to desire).
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies "mayā".

हन्यमानः (hanyamānaḥ) - being killed, being slain

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanyamāna

hanyamāna - being killed, being struck

Present Passive Participle

Present passive participle of root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies saḥ (Droṇa).

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

Particle.

Note: Used with hanyamānaḥ to emphasize 'even while being killed'.

उपेक्षितः (upekṣitaḥ) - neglected, disregarded, ignored

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upekṣita

upekṣita - neglected, disregarded, ignored

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root īkṣ (to see) with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicate for saḥ.

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Demonstrative pronoun, used here adverbially in ablative singular.

Note: Functions as an adverb of reason.

अवाक्शिराः (avākśirāḥ) - with head bowed down, head downwards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avākśiras

avākśiras - having the head downwards, bowed down

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (avak+śiras)

• avak – downwards, below
  indeclinable
• śiras – head
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject "I" (Yudhiṣṭhira).

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained, reached, obtained

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - attained, reached, obtained

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root āp (to obtain) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Subject is asmi (I).

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, active voice

First person singular present active of root as.

Root: as (class 2)

नरकम् (narakam) - hell, infernal region

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, infernal region

Note: Object of prāptaḥ.

विभो (vibho) - O mighty Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O mighty one, O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - almighty, omnipresent, lord, ruler

Prefix: vi

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Addresses Dhṛtarāṣṭra.