महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-167, verse-12

केचिद्भ्रान्तै रथैस्तूर्णं निहतपार्ष्णियन्तृभिः ।
विपताकध्वजच्छत्रैः पार्थिवाः शीर्णकूबरैः ॥१२॥

12. kecidbhrāntai rathaistūrṇaṁ nihatapārṣṇiyantṛbhiḥ ,
vipatākadhvajacchatraiḥ pārthivāḥ śīrṇakūbaraiḥ.

12. kecit bhrāntaiḥ rathaiḥ tūrṇam nihata-pārṣṇi-yantṛbhiḥ
vipatāka-dhvaja-cchattraiḥ pārthivāḥ śīrṇa-kūbaraiḥ

12. kecit pārthivāḥ tūrṇam bhrāntaiḥ rathaiḥ nihata-pārṣṇi-yantṛbhiḥ
vipatāka-dhvaja-cchattraiḥ śīrṇa-kūbaraiḥ

12. Some kings (pārthiva) fled quickly with their chariots (ratha), which were wandering aimlessly, whose rear-charioteers had been killed, and whose banners, flags, and umbrellas were broken, and whose poles were shattered.

Words meanings summery:

• केचित् (kecit) - some (kings) (some, certain ones)

• भ्रान्तैः (bhrāntaiḥ) - with wandering (chariots) (by confused, by wandering, by bewildered)

• रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• निहत-पार्ष्णि-यन्तृभिः (nihata-pārṣṇi-yantṛbhiḥ) - with chariots whose rear-charioteers were killed (by those whose rear-charioteers were killed)

• विपताक-ध्वज-च्छत्त्रैः (vipatāka-dhvaja-cchattraiḥ) - with chariots whose banners, flags, and umbrellas were broken/fallen (by those without banners, flags, and umbrellas)

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, princes, rulers

• शीर्ण-कूबरैः (śīrṇa-kūbaraiḥ) - with chariots whose poles were shattered (by those whose poles were shattered)

Words meanings and morphology

केचित् (kecit) - some (kings) (some, certain ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kecit

kecit - some, certain, someone, anyone

भ्रान्तैः (bhrāntaiḥ) - with wandering (chariots) (by confused, by wandering, by bewildered)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrānta

bhrānta - wandering, confused, bewildered, mistaken

Past Passive Participle

From root bhram (to wander, roam)

Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rathaiḥ.

रथैः (rathaiḥ) - by chariots, with chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

निहत-पार्ष्णि-यन्तृभिः (nihata-pārṣṇi-yantṛbhiḥ) - with chariots whose rear-charioteers were killed (by those whose rear-charioteers were killed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nihata-pārṣṇi-yantṛ

nihata-pārṣṇi-yantṛ - one whose rear-charioteer is killed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (nihata+pārṣṇi+yantṛ)

• nihata – killed, slain, struck down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix ni- and root han
  Prefix: ni
  Root: han (class 2)
• pārṣṇi – heel, rear, back part
  noun (feminine)
• yantṛ – driver, charioteer, controller
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root yam (to control, restrain)
  Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with rathaiḥ (implied).

विपताक-ध्वज-च्छत्त्रैः (vipatāka-dhvaja-cchattraiḥ) - with chariots whose banners, flags, and umbrellas were broken/fallen (by those without banners, flags, and umbrellas)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vipatāka-dhvaja-cchatra

vipatāka-dhvaja-cchatra - one whose banners, flags, and umbrellas are fallen/broken

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vipatāka+dhvaja+cchatra)

• vipatāka – without banners, devoid of flags
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of vi (negation) and patāka (banner)
  Prefix: vi
• dhvaja – flag, banner, standard
  noun (masculine)
• cchatra – umbrella, parasol
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with rathaiḥ (implied).

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings, princes, rulers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - king, prince, ruler (lit. 'lord of the earth')

Derived from pṛthivī (earth)

शीर्ण-कूबरैः (śīrṇa-kūbaraiḥ) - with chariots whose poles were shattered (by those whose poles were shattered)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śīrṇa-kūbara

śīrṇa-kūbara - one whose chariot-pole is shattered

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śīrṇa+kūbara)

• śīrṇa – shattered, broken, torn
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root śṝ (to break, tear, shatter)
  Root: śṝ (class 9)
• kūbara – pole of a chariot, shaft
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with rathaiḥ (implied).