महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-161, verse-39

दुर्योधनश्च कर्णश्च शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः ।
सोदर्याश्च यथा मुख्यास्तेऽरक्षन्द्रोणमाहवे ॥३९॥

39. duryodhanaśca karṇaśca śakuniścāpi saubalaḥ ,
sodaryāśca yathā mukhyāste'rakṣandroṇamāhave.

39. duryodhanaḥ ca karṇaḥ ca śakuniḥ ca api saubalaḥ
sodaryāḥ ca yathā mukhyāḥ te arakṣan droṇam āhave

39. duryodhanaḥ ca karṇaḥ ca saubalaḥ śakuniḥ ca api
yathā mukhyāḥ te sodaryāḥ ca āhave droṇam arakṣan

39. Duryodhana, Karna, and Shakuni, the son of Subala, along with his chief brothers and other prominent warriors, protected Drona in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper name)

• च (ca) - and, also

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (proper name)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

• सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Referring to Shakuni, as he was the son of Subala, the king of Gandhara. (son of Subala (Shakuni))

• सोदर्याः (sodaryāḥ) - Duryodhana's brothers (Kauravas). (brothers (born from the same womb))

• च (ca) - and, also

• यथा (yathā) - as, according to, just as

• मुख्याः (mukhyāḥ) - chief, principal, prominent

• ते (te) - they

• अरक्षन् (arakṣan) - they protected

• द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (accusative)

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhritarashtra)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (hero in the Mahabharata)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (maternal uncle of Duryodhana)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, indeed

(indeclinable)

सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Referring to Shakuni, as he was the son of Subala, the king of Gandhara. (son of Subala (Shakuni))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saubala

saubala - son of Subala

Derived from Subala (proper name) with suffix -a (meaning descendant).

सोदर्याः (sodaryāḥ) - Duryodhana's brothers (Kauravas). (brothers (born from the same womb))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sodarya

sodarya - born from the same womb, full brother

Derived from sa + udara (with womb).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, according to, just as

(indeclinable)

मुख्याः (mukhyāḥ) - chief, principal, prominent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mukhya

mukhya - chief, principal, foremost, prominent

Derived from mukha (face, chief) with suffix -ya.

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

अरक्षन् (arakṣan) - they protected

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of rakṣ

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

द्रोणम् (droṇam) - Drona (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name of a teacher and warrior)

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, war, combat