महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-161, verse-16

न द्यौर्न भूमिर्न दिशः प्राज्ञायन्त तथा गते ।
सैन्येन रजसा मूढं सर्वमन्धमिवाभवत् ॥१६॥

16. na dyaurna bhūmirna diśaḥ prājñāyanta tathā gate ,
sainyena rajasā mūḍhaṁ sarvamandhamivābhavat.

16. na dyauḥ na bhūmiḥ na diśaḥ prājñāyanta tathā gate
sainyena rajasā mūḍham sarvam andham iva abhavat

16. tathā gate na dyauḥ na bhūmiḥ na diśaḥ prājñāyanta
sainyena rajasā mūḍham sarvam andham iva abhavat

16. Neither the sky, nor the earth, nor the directions could be discerned when the situation had thus developed. Everything became as if blind, completely obscured by the army's dust.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, neither

• द्यौः (dyauḥ) - sky, heaven

• न (na) - nor

• भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground

• न (na) - nor

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (cardinal points)

• प्राज्ञायन्त (prājñāyanta) - they were perceived, they were known

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in such a way

• गते (gate) - when such a state had come to pass (having gone, having become, being (in such a state))

• सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, by the host

• रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, with dust

• मूढम् (mūḍham) - covered, obscured, deluded, confused

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

• अन्धम् (andham) - blind, dark

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened, it arose

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, neither

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

द्यौः (dyauḥ) - sky, heaven

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dyu

dyu - sky, heaven, day

Strong stem form of div (nominative singular).

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Subject of prājñāyanta.

न (na) - nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

भूमिः (bhūmiḥ) - earth, ground

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Subject of prājñāyanta.

न (na) - nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions (cardinal points)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Subject of prājñāyanta.

प्राज्ञायन्त (prājñāyanta) - they were perceived, they were known

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-jñā

Imperfect (Laṅ) Passive

3rd person plural passive, root jñā (9th class) with prefix pra. Ātmanepada passive form.

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in such a way

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

गते (gate) - when such a state had come to pass (having gone, having become, being (in such a state))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, obtained, become, being

Past Passive Participle

From root gam (to go) + kta. Here in locative absolute construction.

Root: gam (class 1)

सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, by the host

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Derivative of senā (army).

रजसा (rajasā) - by dust, with dust

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, emotion, passion, atmosphere

s-stem noun.

Root: raj (class 1)

मूढम् (mūḍham) - covered, obscured, deluded, confused

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - bewildered, confused, deluded, obscured, foolish

Past Passive Participle

From root muh (to be bewildered) + kta.

Root: muh (class 4)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, everything

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Pronominal adjective.

अन्धम् (andham) - blind, dark

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark, obscure

Root: andh (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as it were

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing comparison or semblance.

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened, it arose

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person singular active, root bhū (1st class).

Root: bhū (class 1)