महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-161, verse-15

उद्धूता रजसो वृष्टिः शरवृष्टिस्तथैव च ।
तमश्च घोरं शब्दश्च तदा समभवन्महान् ॥१५॥

15. uddhūtā rajaso vṛṣṭiḥ śaravṛṣṭistathaiva ca ,
tamaśca ghoraṁ śabdaśca tadā samabhavanmahān.

15. uddhūtā rajaso vṛṣṭiḥ śaravṛṣṭiḥ tathā eva ca
tamaḥ ca ghoram śabdaḥ ca tadā samabhavat mahān

15. rajaso vṛṣṭiḥ uddhūtā tathā eva ca śaravṛṣṭiḥ
tadā ca ghoram tamaḥ ca mahān śabdaḥ samabhavat

15. A storm of dust was raised, and likewise a shower of arrows. And at that time, a terrible darkness and a great sound arose.

Words meanings summery:

• उद्धूता (uddhūtā) - raised, stirred up, lifted

• रजसो (rajaso) - of dust, from dust

• वृष्टिः (vṛṣṭiḥ) - shower, rain, fall

• शरवृष्टिः (śaravṛṣṭiḥ) - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, like

• च (ca) - and

• तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom

• च (ca) - and

• घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

• शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, word

• च (ca) - and

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose, came into being, became

• महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

Words meanings and morphology

उद्धूता (uddhūtā) - raised, stirred up, lifted

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of uddhūta

uddhūta - raised, lifted up, stirred up, tossed

Past Passive Participle

Formed from ud + dhū (to shake, to agitate) + kta

Prefix: ud

Root: dhū (class 5)

Note: Agrees with vṛṣṭiḥ.

रजसो (rajaso) - of dust, from dust

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, dirt, emotion, passion, atmosphere

Root: raj (class 1)

Note: In sandhi, rajasas (genitive/ablative singular) becomes rajaso before a soft consonant or vowel. Here it's before vṛṣṭiḥ.

वृष्टिः (vṛṣṭiḥ) - shower, rain, fall

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛṣṭi

vṛṣṭi - rain, shower, showering

Formed from vṛṣ + kti

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of uddhūtā and samabhavat.

शरवृष्टिः (śaravṛṣṭiḥ) - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śaravṛṣṭi

śaravṛṣṭi - a shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vṛṣṭi)

• śara – arrow, reed
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śṛ (class 1)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower, showering
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of samabhavat.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, like

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Combined with tathā means 'likewise, in the same way'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects śaravṛṣṭiḥ with the previous phrase.

तमः (tamaḥ) - darkness, gloom

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, quality of inertia (Tamas)

s-stem noun.

Root: tam (class 4)

Note: Subject of samabhavat.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects tamaḥ with śaravṛṣṭiḥ.

घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fearful, fierce, awful

Root: ghur (class 1)

शब्दः (śabdaḥ) - sound, noise, word

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, voice, word

Root: śabd (class 1)

Note: Subject of samabhavat.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects śabdaḥ with tamaḥ.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

Root: tad

समभवत् (samabhavat) - arose, came into being, became

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-bhū

Imperfect (Laṅ)

3rd person singular active, root bhū (1st class) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: bhū (class 1)

महान् (mahān) - great, mighty, large

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, considerable

t-stem adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)