महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-161, verse-3

ततो द्वैधीकृते सैन्ये द्रोणः सोमकपाण्डवान् ।
अभ्यद्रवत्सपाञ्चालान्दुर्योधनपुरोगमः ॥३॥

3. tato dvaidhīkṛte sainye droṇaḥ somakapāṇḍavān ,
abhyadravatsapāñcālānduryodhanapurogamaḥ.

3. tataḥ dvaidhīkṛte sainye droṇaḥ somakapāṇḍavān
abhyadravat sapāñcālān duryodhanapuragamaḥ

3. tataḥ sainye dvaidhīkṛte duryodhanapuragamaḥ
droṇaḥ sapāñcālān somakapāṇḍavān abhyadravat

3. Then, after the army had been split in two, Drona, with Duryodhana at the forefront, attacked the Somakas and the Pandavas, along with the Panchalas.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

• द्वैधीकृते (dvaidhīkṛte) - having been divided into two, made twofold

• सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the guru and commander of the Kaurava army (Drona)

• सोमकपाण्डवान् (somakapāṇḍavān) - the Somakas and the Pandavas

• अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - attacked, rushed towards

• सपाञ्चालान् (sapāñcālān) - the Somakas and Pandavas, along with the Panchalas (along with the Panchalas, having the Panchalas)

• दुर्योधनपुरगमः (duryodhanapuragamaḥ) - Drona, with Duryodhana at the forefront (having Duryodhana at the forefront, led by Duryodhana)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

(indeclinable)

द्वैधीकृते (dvaidhīkṛte) - having been divided into two, made twofold

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of dvaidhīkṛta

dvaidhīkṛta - divided into two, made twofold

past passive participle

Derived from the denominative verb dvaidhīkṛ (to divide into two).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies `sainye`. Used in locative absolute construction.

सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military

Derived from senā (army).

Note: Part of locative absolute construction.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the guru and commander of the Kaurava army (Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a prominent character in the Mahabharata), a measure of grain, a kind of vessel

Note: Subject of `abhyadravat`.

सोमकपाण्डवान् (somakapāṇḍavān) - the Somakas and the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of somakapāṇḍava

somakapāṇḍava - Somakas and Pandavas

Compound type : dvandva (somaka+pāṇḍava)

• somaka – a Somaka (a tribe allied with the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• pāṇḍava – a Pandava (son of Pandu)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Object of `abhyadravat`.

अभ्यद्रवत् (abhyadravat) - attacked, rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of drū

imperfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

Root drū with prefix abhi.

Prefix: abhi

Root: drū (class 1)

सपाञ्चालान् (sapāñcālān) - the Somakas and Pandavas, along with the Panchalas (along with the Panchalas, having the Panchalas)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sapāñcāla

sapāñcāla - accompanied by Panchalas, with Panchalas

From prefix sa (with) + pāñcāla (Panchalas).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+pāñcāla)

• sa – with, together with
  prefix
• pāñcāla – a Panchala (people from the Pañcāla kingdom)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies `somakapāṇḍavān`.

दुर्योधनपुरगमः (duryodhanapuragamaḥ) - Drona, with Duryodhana at the forefront (having Duryodhana at the forefront, led by Duryodhana)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhanapuragama

duryodhanapuragama - having Duryodhana at the forefront, led by Duryodhana

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duryodhana+puragama)

• duryodhana – Duryodhana (the eldest of the Kauravas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• puragama – going before, leading, chief
  noun (masculine)
  From puras (before) + gama (going)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `droṇaḥ`.