महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-137, verse-5

तमापतन्तं संप्रेक्ष्य सात्वतं रभसं रणे ।
सोमदत्तो महाबाहुरसंभ्रान्तोऽभ्यवर्तत ॥५॥

5. tamāpatantaṁ saṁprekṣya sātvataṁ rabhasaṁ raṇe ,
somadatto mahābāhurasaṁbhrānto'bhyavartata.

5. tam āpatantam saṃprekṣya sātvatam rabhasam raṇe
somadattaḥ mahābāhuḥ asaṃbhrāntaḥ abhyavartata

5. raṇe tam āpatantam rabhasam sātvatam saṃprekṣya,
mahābāhuḥ somadattaḥ asaṃbhrāntaḥ abhyavartata

5. Seeing him, Satyaki, approaching fiercely in battle, the mighty-armed Somadatta, remaining utterly unperturbed, advanced to meet him.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - referring to Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) (him, that)

• आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon, rushing

• संप्रेक्ष्य (saṁprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, perceiving

• सात्वतम् (sātvatam) - referring to Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) (Satyaki, descendant of Satvata)

• रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, furious, violent, strong

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• सोमदत्तः (somadattaḥ) - Somadatta (a proper name)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

• असंभ्रान्तः (asaṁbhrāntaḥ) - unperturbed, undisturbed, fearless, calm

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - turned towards, advanced towards, proceeded to meet

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - referring to Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Object of 'saṃprekṣya' and modified by 'āpatantam', 'sātvatam', 'rabhasam'.

आपतन्तम् (āpatantam) - approaching, falling upon, rushing

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, rushing, falling down

Present Active Participle

from prefix ā- and root √pat (to fall, fly, rush)

Prefix: ā

Root: √pat (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Yuyudhāna).

संप्रेक्ष्य (saṁprekṣya) - having seen, having observed, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from prefix sam- and pra- and root √īkṣ (to see)

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: √īkṣ (class 1)

सात्वतम् (sātvatam) - referring to Yuyudhāna (Satyaki) (Satyaki, descendant of Satvata)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - a descendant of Satvata, a Yadava, Satyaki

derived from 'Satvata' by adding patronymic suffix

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Yuyudhāna).

रभसम् (rabhasam) - impetuous, furious, violent, strong

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rabhasa

rabhasa - impetuous, violent, strong, fierce, quick, passion

from √rabh (to seize, be eager)

Root: √rabh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Yuyudhāna).

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war, conflict

from √raṇ (to delight, to war)

Root: √raṇ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the location of the action.

सोमदत्तः (somadattaḥ) - Somadatta (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of somadatta

somadatta - given by Soma, a proper name

Compound of Soma (moon/god) and datta (given).

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (soma+datta)

• soma – Soma (sacred plant, its juice, the moon god)
  noun (masculine)
• datta – given, granted, presented
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √dā (to give)
  Root: √dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'abhyavartata'.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - mighty-armed, strong-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - one with mighty arms, mighty-armed

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'bāhu' (arm).

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm, fore-arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'somadattaḥ'.

असंभ्रान्तः (asaṁbhrāntaḥ) - unperturbed, undisturbed, fearless, calm

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asaṃbhrānta

asaṁbhrānta - unconfused, calm, not agitated, undisturbed

Past Passive Participle (negative compound)

Negative prefix 'a-' + 'saṃbhrānta' (agitated, confused), which is the past passive participle of √bhram (to wander) with prefix sam-.

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+saṃbhrānta)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• saṃbhrānta – confused, agitated, bewildered
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √bhram (to wander, be confused) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √bhram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'somadattaḥ'.

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - turned towards, advanced towards, proceeded to meet

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-ava-√vṛt

Imperfect middle third person singular

root √vṛt (class 1), imperfect tense, third person singular, middle voice. Prefixes abhi- and ava-.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: √vṛt (class 1)