महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-137, verse-38

ततः सुनिशितैर्बाणैः पार्थं विव्याध सप्तभिः ।
सोऽतिविद्धो महाबाहुः सृक्किणी परिसंलिहन् ।
युधिष्ठिरस्य चिच्छेद ध्वजं कार्मुकमेव च ॥३८॥

38. tataḥ suniśitairbāṇaiḥ pārthaṁ vivyādha saptabhiḥ ,
so'tividdho mahābāhuḥ sṛkkiṇī parisaṁlihan ,
yudhiṣṭhirasya ciccheda dhvajaṁ kārmukameva ca.

38. tataḥ suniśitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ pārtham vivyādha
saptabhiḥ saḥ atividdhaḥ mahābāhuḥ
sṛkkiṇī parisaṃlihan yudhiṣṭhirasya
ciccheda dhvajam kārmukam eva ca

38. tataḥ suniśitaiḥ saptabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ pārtham vivyādha.
saḥ atividdhaḥ mahābāhuḥ sṛkkiṇī parisaṃlihan.
yudhiṣṭhirasya dhvajam kārmukam eva ca ciccheda

38. Then (Drona) struck Yudhishthira (Pārtha) with seven very sharp arrows. Though severely wounded, the mighty-armed Yudhishthira was licking the corners of his mouth, and (Drona) then cut down Yudhishthira's banner and his bow.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that, therefore

• सुनिशितैः (suniśitaiḥ) - with very sharp, well-sharpened

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - Yudhishthira, as a son of Pritha (Kunti). (Partha (son of Pritha))

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck, he wounded

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven, by seven

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - greatly pierced, severely wounded

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Yudhishthira, who is known for his great strength or long arms (a sign of royalty). (mighty-armed, great-armed)

• सृक्किणी (sṛkkiṇī) - the corners of the mouth, lips (dual)

• परिसंलिहन् (parisaṁlihan) - licking repeatedly, licking all around

• युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - Of Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas. (of Yudhishthira)

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he broke, he severed

• ध्वजम् (dhvajam) - banner, flag, standard

• कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that, therefore

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

सुनिशितैः (suniśitaiḥ) - with very sharp, well-sharpened

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suniśita

suniśita - very sharp, well-sharpened, keen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śi' (to sharpen) with prefix 'su' (well, very) and 'ni' (down, completely).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+niśita)

• su – well, good, very
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or excellence.
• niśita – sharpened, keen
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'śi' (to sharpen) with upasarga 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: śā / śi (class 4)

Note: Agreeing with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow

Note: Means of action for 'vivyādha'.

पार्थम् (pārtham) - Yudhishthira, as a son of Pritha (Kunti). (Partha (son of Pritha))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name for Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna

Patronymic.

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - he pierced, he struck, he wounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vivyādha

Perfect third person singular

From root 'vyadh' (to pierce) with reduplication and 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven, by seven

(numeral)

Note: Agreeing with 'bāṇaiḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was' and modifiers.

अतिविद्धः (atividdhaḥ) - greatly pierced, severely wounded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atividdha

atividdha - severely pierced, greatly struck, wounded deeply

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vyadh' (to pierce) with upasarga 'ati' (excessively).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+viddha)

• ati – very, exceedingly, excessively
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity.
• viddha – pierced, struck, wounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'vyadh'.
  Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agreeing with 'saḥ' (Yudhishthira).

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - Yudhishthira, who is known for his great strength or long arms (a sign of royalty). (mighty-armed, great-armed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, one with great arms

Compound meaning 'one whose arms are great'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreeing with 'saḥ' (Yudhishthira).

सृक्किणी (sṛkkiṇī) - the corners of the mouth, lips (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of sṛkkiṇī

sṛkkiṇī - corner of the mouth, lip

Noun.

Note: Object of 'parisaṃlihan'.

परिसंलिहन् (parisaṁlihan) - licking repeatedly, licking all around

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parisaṃlihat

parisaṁlihat - licking all around, licking repeatedly

Present Active Participle

From root 'lih' (to lick) with upasargas 'pari' (around) and 'sam' (completely).

Prefixes: pari+sam

Root: lih (class 2)

Note: Agreeing with 'saḥ' (Yudhishthira).

युधिष्ठिरस्य (yudhiṣṭhirasya) - Of Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas. (of Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, steady in battle

From 'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  Locative case form used as first member of compound (aluk).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Possessive, 'of Yudhishthira'.

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he broke, he severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of ciccheda

Perfect third person singular

From root 'chid' (to cut) with reduplication.

Root: chid (class 7)

ध्वजम् (dhvajam) - banner, flag, standard

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhvaja

dhvaja - banner, flag, standard

Root: dhvaj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.

कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow, made of kārmuka wood

Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'dhvajam' and 'kārmukam'.