महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-137, verse-39

स छिन्नधन्वा त्वरितस्त्वराकाले नृपोत्तमः ।
अन्यदादत्त वेगेन कार्मुकं समरे दृढम् ॥३९॥

39. sa chinnadhanvā tvaritastvarākāle nṛpottamaḥ ,
anyadādatta vegena kārmukaṁ samare dṛḍham.

39. saḥ chinna-dhanvā tvaritaḥ tvarā-kāle nṛpa-uttamaḥ
anyat ādattat vegena kārmukam samare dṛḍham

39. saḥ nṛpa-uttamaḥ chinna-dhanvā tvarā-kāle tvaritaḥ
vegena dṛḍham anyat kārmukam samare ādattat

39. With his bow shattered, that best of kings, acting swiftly in a moment of urgency, quickly seized another strong bow for the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• छिन्न-धन्वा (chinna-dhanvā) - whose bow is broken, with a broken bow

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - quick, swift, hurried

• त्वरा-काले (tvarā-kāle) - in a time of urgency, in a moment of haste

• नृप-उत्तमः (nṛpa-uttamaḥ) - best of kings, excellent king

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

• आदत्तत् (ādattat) - took, received

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, quickly

• कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strong, firm, hard

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

छिन्न-धन्वा (chinna-dhanvā) - whose bow is broken, with a broken bow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinna-dhanvan

chinna-dhanvan - one whose bow is cut or broken

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – cut, divided, broken
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'chid' (to cut, divide)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow, weapon
  noun (neuter)

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - quick, swift, hurried

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - hastened, quick, swift

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tvar' (to hasten, be quick)

Root: tvar (class 1)

त्वरा-काले (tvarā-kāle) - in a time of urgency, in a moment of haste

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tvarā-kāla

tvarā-kāla - time of urgency/haste

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tvarā+kāla)

• tvarā – haste, speed, urgency
  noun (feminine)
  Root: tvar (class 1)
• kāla – time, season, proper time
  noun (masculine)

नृप-उत्तमः (nṛpa-uttamaḥ) - best of kings, excellent king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa-uttama

nṛpa-uttama - best among kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+uttama)

• nṛpa – king, monarch, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• uttama – best, highest, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)

अन्यत् (anyat) - another, other

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

आदत्तत् (ādattat) - took, received

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ādā

Root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'ā' (towards, to take)

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impulse

Root: vij

कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow (made of kārmuka wood)

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, combat

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛ

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strong, firm, hard

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, hard, solid

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dṛh' (to be firm, strengthen)

Root: dṛh (class 1)