महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-137, verse-37

सैन्यानि द्रावयन्तं तु द्रोणो दृष्ट्वा युधिष्ठिरम् ।
अभिदुद्राव वेगेन क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः ॥३७॥

37. sainyāni drāvayantaṁ tu droṇo dṛṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhiram ,
abhidudrāva vegena krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ.

37. sainyāni drāvayantam tu droṇaḥ dṛṣṭvā yudhiṣṭhiram
abhidudrāva vegena krodhasaṃraktalocanaḥ

37. tu droṇaḥ yudhiṣṭhiram sainyāni drāvayantam
dṛṣṭvā krodhasaṃraktalocanaḥ vegena abhidudrāva

37. However, Drona, seeing Yudhishthira routing his armies, rushed forward swiftly, his eyes red with rage.

Words meanings summery:

• सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, military forces

• द्रावयन्तम् (drāvayantam) - causing to flee, routing, putting to flight

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor of the Pandavas and Kauravas. (Drona)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas. (Yudhishthira)

• अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - he rushed towards, he attacked

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcibly

• क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः (krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ) - whose eyes were red with anger

Words meanings and morphology

सैन्यानि (sainyāni) - armies, military forces

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force, soldiers

Derived from 'senā' (army).

Note: Object of the participle 'drāvayantam'.

द्रावयन्तम् (drāvayantam) - causing to flee, routing, putting to flight

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, singular of drāvayat

drāvayat - causing to run, routing

Present Active Participle (causative)

From causative stem of 'dru' (to run) with 'śatṛ' suffix.

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with 'yudhiṣṭhiram'.

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor of the Pandavas and Kauravas. (Drona)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona, bucket, a measure

Name of the preceptor.

Note: Subject of 'abhidudrāva'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - Yudhishthira, the eldest of the Pandavas. (Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, steady in battle

From 'yudhi' (in battle) + 'sthira' (firm, steady).

Compound type : aluk-tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  indeclinable
  Locative case form used as first member of compound (aluk).
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā', also the one being described by 'drāvayantam'.

अभिदुद्राव (abhidudrāva) - he rushed towards, he attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of abhidudrāva

Perfect third person singular

From root 'dru' (to run) with upasarga 'abhi'. Reduplicated perfect.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcibly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

Root: vij

Note: Adverbial usage, 'with speed'.

क्रोधसंरक्तलोचनः (krodhasaṁraktalocanaḥ) - whose eyes were red with anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodhasaṃraktalocana

krodhasaṁraktalocana - whose eyes are red with anger

Compound meaning 'one whose eyes are red with anger'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (krodha+saṃrakta+locana)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• saṃrakta – red, dyed red, inflamed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'rañj' (to color) with upasarga 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Root: loc

Note: Agreeing with 'droṇaḥ'.