महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-7

तं च शब्दमसंसह्यं तस्याः संलक्ष्य मारिष ।
प्रापतन्मनुजास्तत्र रथेभ्यो रथिनस्तदा ॥७॥

7. taṁ ca śabdamasaṁsahyaṁ tasyāḥ saṁlakṣya māriṣa ,
prāpatanmanujāstatra rathebhyo rathinastadā.

7. tam ca śabdam asaṃsahyam tasyāḥ saṃlakṣya māriṣa
prāpatan manujāḥ tatra rathebhyas rathinaḥ tadā

7. māriṣa ca tasyāḥ tam asaṃsahyam śabdam saṃlakṣya
tadā tatra rathinaḥ manujāḥ rathebhyas prāpatan

7. O venerable one, perceiving that unbearable sound emanating from the mace, the charioteers and other men there then fell from their chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - referring to the sound (śabdam) (that, him, it)

• च (ca) - connecting elements in the sentence (and)

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - the loud sound made by the mace (sound, noise, word)

• असंसह्यम् (asaṁsahyam) - describing the sound as too loud to endure (unbearable, intolerable)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - from the mace (gadā) (of her, from her, of it, from it)

• संलक्ष्य (saṁlakṣya) - having clearly perceived the sound (having perceived, having observed)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O venerable one, O respected sir)

• प्रापतन् (prāpatan) - the charioteers and men fell down (they fell down)

• मनुजाः (manujāḥ) - the soldiers and warriors (men, human beings)

• तत्र (tatra) - on the battlefield (there, in that place)

• रथेभ्यस् (rathebhyas) - falling out of their chariots (from chariots)

• रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - the warriors fighting from chariots (charioteers, warriors in chariots)

• तदा (tadā) - at that moment, upon seeing the mace (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - referring to the sound (śabdam) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with śabdam.

च (ca) - connecting elements in the sentence (and)

(indeclinable)

शब्दम् (śabdam) - the loud sound made by the mace (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word

Root: śabd (class 1)

Note: Object of saṃlakṣya.

असंसह्यम् (asaṁsahyam) - describing the sound as too loud to endure (unbearable, intolerable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asaṃsahya

asaṁsahya - unbearable, intolerable

Gerundive

Derived from root sah with prefix sam, negated with 'a'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃsahya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• saṃsahya – bearable, tolerable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root sah with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with śabdam.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - from the mace (gadā) (of her, from her, of it, from it)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Genitive of origin or possession. Refers to the mace (gadā).

संलक्ष्य (saṁlakṣya) - having clearly perceived the sound (having perceived, having observed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive form from root lakṣ with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: lakṣ (class 1)

मारिष (māriṣa) - vocative address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (O venerable one, O respected sir)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable man, respected sir

प्रापतन् (prāpatan) - the charioteers and men fell down (they fell down)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prapat

Imperfect

3rd person plural, Imperfect tense, Parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

मनुजाः (manujāḥ) - the soldiers and warriors (men, human beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of manuja

manuja - man, human being

Derived from manu + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manu+ja)

• manu – man, progenitor of mankind
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)
• ja – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of prāpatan, along with rathinaḥ.

तत्र (tatra) - on the battlefield (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

रथेभ्यस् (rathebhyas) - falling out of their chariots (from chariots)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of ratha

ratha - chariot

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Source of falling.

रथिनः (rathinaḥ) - the warriors fighting from chariots (charioteers, warriors in chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior in a chariot

possessive suffix -in, 'one who has a ratha'

Note: Subject of prāpatan, along with manujāḥ.

तदा (tadā) - at that moment, upon seeing the mace (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

temporal adverb from tad