महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-19

स मृद्नन्क्षत्रियानाजौ वातो वृक्षानिवोद्धतः ।
अगच्छद्दारयन्सेनां सिन्धुवेगो नगानिव ॥१९॥

19. sa mṛdnankṣatriyānājau vāto vṛkṣānivoddhataḥ ,
agacchaddārayansenāṁ sindhuvego nagāniva.

19. saḥ mṛdnan kṣatriyān ājau vātaḥ vṛkṣān iva uddhataḥ
agacchat dārayan senām sindhuvegaḥ nagān iva

19. saḥ ājau kṣatriyān uddhataḥ vātaḥ vṛkṣān iva mṛdnan,
sindhuvegaḥ nagān iva senām dārayan agacchat

19. Crushing the warriors in battle like a strong wind felling trees, he advanced, tearing apart the army just as a mighty river's current tears through mountains.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (Bhimasena) (he, that)

• मृद्नन् (mṛdnan) - crushing (the warriors) (crushing, trampling, hurting)

• क्षत्रियान् (kṣatriyān) - the enemy warriors (warriors, Kshatriyas, members of the warrior class)

• आजौ (ājau) - in the battle (in battle, in conflict, in the sacrifice)

• वातः (vātaḥ) - a strong wind (for comparison) (wind, air, deity of wind)

• वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees (for comparison with warriors being felled) (trees)

• इव (iva) - like (for comparison) (as if, like, as, just like)

• उद्धतः (uddhataḥ) - strong, fierce (describing the wind) (agitated, fierce, arrogant, strong, uplifted)

• अगच्छत् (agacchat) - he (Bhimasena) advanced (he went, he proceeded)

• दारयन् (dārayan) - tearing apart (the army) (tearing, splitting, cleaving)

• सेनाम् (senām) - the enemy army (army, host)

• सिन्धुवेगः (sindhuvegaḥ) - a mighty river's current (for comparison) (speed of a river, river's current)

• नगान् (nagān) - mountains (or river banks) for comparison with the army being torn apart (mountains, trees)

• इव (iva) - like (for comparison) (as if, like, as, just like)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (Bhimasena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to Bhimasena.

मृद्नन् (mṛdnan) - crushing (the warriors) (crushing, trampling, hurting)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛdant

mṛdant - crushing, trampling, hurting, destroying

Present Active Participle

From root mṛd- (to crush).

Root: mṛd (class 9)

क्षत्रियान् (kṣatriyān) - the enemy warriors (warriors, Kshatriyas, members of the warrior class)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - warrior, member of the Kṣatriya class, ruler

From kṣatra (power, dominion).

Note: Object of 'mṛdnan'.

आजौ (ājau) - in the battle (in battle, in conflict, in the sacrifice)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āji

āji - battle, fight, conflict, race

From ā- + aj- (to drive).

Root: aj (class 1)

वातः (vātaḥ) - a strong wind (for comparison) (wind, air, deity of wind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāta

vāta - wind, air

From root vā- (to blow).

Root: vā (class 2)

Note: Part of the simile.

वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees (for comparison with warriors being felled) (trees)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

Root: vṛkṣ

Note: Object of the implied verb in the simile (e.g., 'felling').

इव (iva) - like (for comparison) (as if, like, as, just like)

(indeclinable)

उद्धतः (uddhataḥ) - strong, fierce (describing the wind) (agitated, fierce, arrogant, strong, uplifted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uddhata

uddhata - raised, uplifted, agitated, arrogant, strong, fierce

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ut- + han- (to strike, to throw up).

Prefix: ut

Root: han (class 2)

अगच्छत् (agacchat) - he (Bhimasena) advanced (he went, he proceeded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: gam (class 1)

दारयन् (dārayan) - tearing apart (the army) (tearing, splitting, cleaving)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dārayant

dārayant - tearing, splitting, cleaving, causing to burst

Present Active Participle (Causative)

From causal of root dṛ- (to tear).

Root: dṛ (class 9)

सेनाम् (senām) - the enemy army (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, forces

Root: sin (class 5)

Note: Object of 'dārayan'.

सिन्धुवेगः (sindhuvegaḥ) - a mighty river's current (for comparison) (speed of a river, river's current)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sindhuvega

sindhuvega - river's current, speed of a river

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sindhu+vega)

• sindhu – river, ocean, Indus river
  noun (masculine)
  From root syand- (to flow).
  Root: syand (class 1)
• vega – speed, velocity, force, impetuosity
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root vij- (to tremble, to move quickly).
  Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Part of the simile.

नगान् (nagān) - mountains (or river banks) for comparison with the army being torn apart (mountains, trees)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of naga

naga - mountain, tree (lit. 'that which does not move')

From na- (not) + ga- (going).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+ga)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  From root gam- (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'tearing through' in the simile.

इव (iva) - like (for comparison) (as if, like, as, just like)

(indeclinable)