महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-17

तस्मिन्क्षणे तस्य यन्ता तूर्णमश्वानचोदयत् ।
भीमसेनस्य कौरव्य तदद्भुतमिवाभवत् ॥१७॥

17. tasminkṣaṇe tasya yantā tūrṇamaśvānacodayat ,
bhīmasenasya kauravya tadadbhutamivābhavat.

17. tasmin kṣaṇe tasya yantā tūrṇam aśvān acodayat
bhīmasenasya kauravya tat adbhutam iva abhavat

17. kauravya tasmin kṣaṇe tasya yantā tūrṇam aśvān
acodayat bhīmasenasya tat adbhutam iva abhavat

17. O descendant of Kuru, at that very moment, his charioteer swiftly urged the horses forward. That occurrence was truly amazing, especially given Bhimasena's presence.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (moment) (in that, at that)

• क्षणे (kṣaṇe) - at that moment (when Drona was dislodged) (in a moment, at an instant)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Drona's charioteer) (his, of him, of that)

• यन्ता (yantā) - Drona's charioteer (charioteer, driver, controller)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (urged the horses) (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - the horses pulling Drona's chariot (horses)

• अचोदयत् (acodayat) - Drona's charioteer urged the horses (he urged, he impelled, he drove)

• भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhimasena (implies the challenge he posed) (of Bhimasena, belonging to Bhimasena)

• कौरव्य (kauravya) - O Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Kuru)

• तत् (tat) - that (occurrence, action) (that, it)

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - amazing, marvelous (describing the event) (wonderful, amazing, miraculous)

• इव (iva) - as if, like (emphasizing the amazing quality) (as if, like, as, just like)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it was (truly amazing) (it was, it happened, it became)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that (moment) (in that, at that)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Agrees with 'kṣaṇe'.

क्षणे (kṣaṇe) - at that moment (when Drona was dislodged) (in a moment, at an instant)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - moment, instant, leisure

Root: kṣaṇ (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Drona's charioteer) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Possessive pronoun for Drona.

यन्ता (yantā) - Drona's charioteer (charioteer, driver, controller)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yantṛ

yantṛ - charioteer, driver, controller

Agent Noun

Derived from root yam- (to restrain, control).

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'acodayat'.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - swiftly (urged the horses) (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle (originally)

Derived from root tvar- (to hasten). Used adverbially here.

Root: tvar (class 1)

अश्वान् (aśvān) - the horses pulling Drona's chariot (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

Root: aś

Note: Object of 'acodayat'.

अचोदयत् (acodayat) - Drona's charioteer urged the horses (he urged, he impelled, he drove)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ) - Causative

3rd person singular, active voice. Causative form of root cud- (to impel).

Root: cud (class 10)

भीमसेनस्य (bhīmasenasya) - of Bhimasena (implies the challenge he posed) (of Bhimasena, belonging to Bhimasena)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava prince)

Note: Indicates relation to the charioteer's action, implying 'in spite of Bhimasena' or 'in face of Bhimasena's power'.

कौरव्य (kauravya) - O Dhritarashtra (O descendant of Kuru)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kurus

patronymic

Derived from Kuru.

तत् (tat) - that (occurrence, action) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Subject of 'abhavat'.

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - amazing, marvelous (describing the event) (wonderful, amazing, miraculous)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, amazing, miraculous, extraordinary

Note: Predicate adjective for 'tat'.

इव (iva) - as if, like (emphasizing the amazing quality) (as if, like, as, just like)

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it was (truly amazing) (it was, it happened, it became)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)