महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-16

द्रोणस्तु सत्वरो राजन्क्षिप्तो भीमेन संयुगे ।
रथमन्यं समास्थाय व्यूहद्वारमुपाययौ ॥१६॥

16. droṇastu satvaro rājankṣipto bhīmena saṁyuge ,
rathamanyaṁ samāsthāya vyūhadvāramupāyayau.

16. droṇaḥ tu satvaraḥ rājan kṣiptaḥ bhīmena saṃyuge
ratham anyam samāsthāya vyūhadvāram upāyayau

16. rājan bhīmena saṃyuge kṣiptaḥ droṇaḥ tu satvaraḥ
anyam ratham samāsthāya vyūhadvāram upāyayau

16. O King, Drona, though quickly dislodged by Bhima in battle, immediately mounted another chariot and approached the entrance of the military formation.

Words meanings summery:

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas (Drona (name of a warrior, guru))

• तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

• सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - swift (in action, i.e., quickly dislodged) (swift, quick, hasty)

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra, the King being addressed by Sanjaya (O king)

• क्षिप्तः (kṣiptaḥ) - thrown down, dislodged (from his chariot) (thrown, cast, discharged, dislodged)

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers, known for his strength (by Bhima)

• संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the ongoing battle of Kurukshetra (in battle, in conflict)

• रथम् (ratham) - a chariot (specifically, a replacement chariot) (chariot)

• अन्यम् (anyam) - another (chariot) (other, another, different)

• समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted (a chariot) (having mounted, having ascended, having stood upon)

• व्यूहद्वारम् (vyūhadvāram) - the entrance to the specific military formation (vyūha) (entrance of the formation, gateway of the array)

• उपाययौ (upāyayau) - Drona approached (the entrance) (he approached, he reached)

Words meanings and morphology

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas (Drona (name of a warrior, guru))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (name); a bucket; a measure

तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

सत्वरः (satvaraḥ) - swift (in action, i.e., quickly dislodged) (swift, quick, hasty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satvara

satvara - quick, swift, hasty

Derived from sa- (with) + tvara (haste).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Drona.

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra, the King being addressed by Sanjaya (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

क्षिप्तः (kṣiptaḥ) - thrown down, dislodged (from his chariot) (thrown, cast, discharged, dislodged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣipta

kṣipta - thrown, cast, placed, dislodged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kṣip- (to throw).

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Agrees with Drona.

भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers, known for his strength (by Bhima)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - formidable, terrible, fierce; name of Bhima

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'kṣiptaḥ'.

संयुगे (saṁyuge) - in the ongoing battle of Kurukshetra (in battle, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃyuga

saṁyuga - battle, war, encounter, conflict

Derived from sam- (together) + yuj- (to join).

Root: yuj (class 7)

रथम् (ratham) - a chariot (specifically, a replacement chariot) (chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of 'samāsthāya'.

अन्यम् (anyam) - another (chariot) (other, another, different)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with 'ratham'.

समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted (a chariot) (having mounted, having ascended, having stood upon)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from sam- + ā- + root sthā- (to stand).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action preceding the main verb 'upāyayau'.

व्यूहद्वारम् (vyūhadvāram) - the entrance to the specific military formation (vyūha) (entrance of the formation, gateway of the array)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyūhadvāra

vyūhadvāra - entrance of the formation, gateway of the array

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyūha+dvāra)

• vyūha – military array, battle formation, arrangement
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vi- + ūh- (to move, arrange).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: ūh (class 1)
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'upāyayau'.

उपाययौ (upāyayau) - Drona approached (the entrance) (he approached, he reached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of upa-ā-i

Perfect Tense (Liṭ)

3rd person singular, active voice. Reduplication of 'i' root with upasargas upa- and ā-.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.