महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-18

ततः स्वरथमास्थाय भीमसेनो महाबलः ।
अभ्यवर्तत वेगेन तव पुत्रस्य वाहिनीम् ॥१८॥

18. tataḥ svarathamāsthāya bhīmaseno mahābalaḥ ,
abhyavartata vegena tava putrasya vāhinīm.

18. tataḥ svaratham āsthāya bhīmasenaḥ mahābalaḥ
abhyavartata vegena tava putrasya vāhinīm

18. tataḥ mahābalaḥ bhīmasenaḥ svaratham āsthāya
vegena tava putrasya vāhinīm abhyavartata

18. Then, the greatly powerful Bhimasena, having mounted his own chariot, attacked your son's army with great speed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence) (then, thereupon, from that)

• स्वरथम् (svaratham) - Bhimasena's own chariot (his own chariot)

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (his chariot) (having mounted, having ascended)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena, one of the Pandava brothers (Bhimasena)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - exceedingly strong (describing Bhimasena) (greatly strong, mighty, powerful)

• अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - Bhimasena attacked (the army) (he turned towards, he attacked, he advanced)

• वेगेन (vegena) - with great speed (with speed, with force, rapidly)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra's son, Duryodhana) (your, of you)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son, son's)

• वाहिनीम् (vāhinīm) - your son's army (army, host, stream)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon (indicating sequence) (then, thereupon, from that)

(indeclinable)

An adverbial suffix -tas.

स्वरथम् (svaratham) - Bhimasena's own chariot (his own chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svaratha

svaratha - own chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+ratha)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Object of 'āsthāya'.

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having mounted (his chariot) (having mounted, having ascended)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from ā- + root sthā- (to stand).

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Action preceding 'abhyavartata'.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena, one of the Pandava brothers (Bhimasena)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava prince)

Note: Subject of 'abhyavartata'.

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - exceedingly strong (describing Bhimasena) (greatly strong, mighty, powerful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - very strong, mighty, powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• bala – strength, power, might, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'bhīmasenaḥ'.

अभ्यवर्तत (abhyavartata) - Bhimasena attacked (the army) (he turned towards, he attacked, he advanced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of abhi-ava-vṛt

Imperfect Tense (Laṅ)

3rd person singular, middle voice. From root vṛt- (to turn) with upasargas abhi- and ava-.

Prefixes: abhi+ava

Root: vṛt (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - with great speed (with speed, with force, rapidly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

Derived from root vij- (to tremble, to move quickly).

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Adverbial use, indicating manner.

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhritarashtra's son, Duryodhana) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Pronominal stem.

Note: Possessive pronoun for 'putrasya'.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son, son's)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Possessive for 'vāhinīm'.

वाहिनीम् (vāhinīm) - your son's army (army, host, stream)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vāhinī

vāhinī - army, host, stream, river

Derived from root vah- (to carry, flow).

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Object of 'abhyavartata'.