महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-103, verse-37

निवातकवचा येन देवैरपि सुदुर्जयाः ।
निर्जिता रथिनैकेन दिष्ट्या पार्थः स जीवति ॥३७॥

37. nivātakavacā yena devairapi sudurjayāḥ ,
nirjitā rathinaikena diṣṭyā pārthaḥ sa jīvati.

37. nivātakavacāḥ yena devaiḥ api sudurjayāḥ
nirjitāḥ rathinā ekena diṣṭyā pārthaḥ saḥ jīvati

37. yena nivātakavacāḥ devaiḥ api sudurjayāḥ ekena
rathinā nirjitāḥ saḥ pārthaḥ diṣṭyā jīvati

37. Fortunately, that Arjuna (pārtha) lives, by whom the Nivātakavacas – who were extremely difficult for even the gods to conquer – were defeated by a single charioteer.

Words meanings summery:

• निवातकवचाः (nivātakavacāḥ) - the Nivātakavacas (a class of powerful daityas)

• येन (yena) - by whom

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• अपि (api) - even, also

• सुदुर्जयाः (sudurjayāḥ) - very difficult to conquer

• निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

• रथिना (rathinā) - by a charioteer

• एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• जीवति (jīvati) - lives, is alive

Words meanings and morphology

निवातकवचाः (nivātakavacāḥ) - the Nivātakavacas (a class of powerful daityas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nivātakavaca

nivātakavaca - having an impenetrable armour (epithet of a class of Daityas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nivāta+kavaca)

• nivāta – impermeable, windless
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √vā (to blow) with upasarga ni.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: vā (class 2)
• kavaca – armour, mail
  noun (masculine)

येन (yena) - by whom

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

सुदुर्जयाः (sudurjayāḥ) - very difficult to conquer

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sudurjaya

sudurjaya - very difficult to conquer, invincible

Gerundive

Compound of 'su' (very) and 'durjaya' (difficult to conquer). Durjaya is formed from 'dur' (difficult) and root √ji (to conquer) with suffix -ya.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+durjaya)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• durjaya – difficult to conquer, invincible
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From upasarga dur and root √ji (to conquer).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: ji (class 1)

निर्जिताः (nirjitāḥ) - conquered, defeated

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirjita

nirjita - conquered, subdued, defeated

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root √ji (to conquer) with upasarga nis.

Prefix: nis

Root: ji (class 1)

रथिना (rathinā) - by a charioteer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

एकेन (ekena) - by one, by a single

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of diṣṭi

diṣṭi - good fortune, luck, destiny

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), especially Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) by adding the suffix -a.

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

जीवति (jīvati) - lives, is alive

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)